Digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids in the small intestine

Digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids in the small intestine

Pancreas

• Secretes pancreatic amylase, trypsin and lipase into the duodenum through the pancreatic duct

Liver

• Produces bile

• Gallbladder stores bile

• Bile flows into the duodenum through the bile duct

Bile

• Neutralise the acidic chyme

• Prepare an alkali condition (pH 7.6-8.6) for enzyme action in the duodenum

• Emulsify lipids into tiny droplets to increase surface area for lipase activity.

Duodenum

• Pancreatic amylase hydrolyses starch into maltose

• Trypsin hydrolyses polypeptides into shorter peptides

• Lipase hydrolyses lipids into fatty acids and glycerols

Glands on the ileum wall

• Secrete mucus and intestinal juice that contains maltase, sucrase, lactase, lipase and erepsin

Ileum

1. Maltase hydrolyses maltose into glucose.

2. Sucrase hydrolyses sucrose into glucose and fructose.

3. Lactase hydrolyses lactose into glucose and galactose.

4. Lipase hydrolyses lipids into fatty acids and glycerols.

5. Erepsin hydrolyses peptides into amino acids.