cell specialisation flashcards

What is cell specialisation?

When cells became adapted to perfume a specific function

What is the function of a sperm cell?

To fertilise the egg

What is the adaptations of a sperm cell?

Long tail to swim

Mitrochondria for energy

Enzymes in head to digest egg membrane

What is the function of nerve cell?

To carry electrical signals

Adaptations of nerve cell

Long length to cover distance

Branched ends to connect other cells

Myelin speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses

Function of root hair cell?

Absorbs water and dissolved minerals

Adaptations of root hair cell

Long hair increases surface area

Thin cell wall for easier absorption

Function of muscle cell

To contract and move the body

Adaptations of muscle cells

Long space to contract

Lots of mitrochondria for energy

Protein fibres decrease length when contracting

Function of phloem cell

Carries sugars in plants

Adaptations of phloem cell

End walls have holes (sieve plates) To allow dissolved sugars to move through cells

Has companion cells with mitochondria Differentiation

Companion cell provides energy needed for active transport

What does differentiation mean?

The process where a cell changes to become specialised

What are tissues?

A group of similar cells that work together

What are organs

A group of tissues working together

What is an organ system and a type of organ system?

A group of organs working together for a function

Digestive system

What are the differences between differentiation in plant and animal cells

Plant cells can differentiate throughout life whilst animal cells differentiation early in life

Plant cells can easily differentiate whilst it is rare for animal cells to

Plant cells can grow new parts whilst animal cells are in a fixed form