ASCI 155- Final Exam, FSU

Cleavage

• without growth, fertilized egg

• aka zygote

External organ of the female reproductive system

vulva

What are the 4 different mechanisms important for temperature control of the testis?

• scrotum skin

  • has sweat glands that help cool down w/ evaporative cooling

• cremaster muscle

  • adjusts the testicular position by contracting and relaxing the muscle

• dartos muscle

  • alters the scrotal surface area and wall thickness, as it pulls it closer to the body

• pampiniform plexus

  • coiling of veins and arteries, that transfer heat from warm areas to cooler areas, and vise versa

Dummy foal

no suckling reflex

Dystocia

anytime a mare needs help/assistance with birth

Beef vs Dairy cattle suckling

• Dairy: weaned off right away, only feeding a couple times per day

• Beef: nurse multiple times a day

Draw and label a female reproductive track

Draw and label a complete fallopian tube

Draw and label a male reproductive tract in a bull

• scrotum, testis, tail of epididymis, ductus deferens, retractor penis muscle, sigmoid flexure, glans penis

Average length of Spermatozoa in Cattle

24-48 hrs

Average length of Ova in Cattle

8-12 hrs

Average length of Spermatozoa in Horses

72-120 hrs

Average length of Ova in Horses

6-8 hrs

Average length of Gestation in Cattle

279 days

Average length of Gestation in Horses

340 days

3 stages of Gestation

• Zygote

• Embryo

• Fetus

Draw a Graafian follicle

• Oocyte

• ZP

• Granulosa cells

• Corona radiata

• Cumulous Oophorus

• Antrum fluid

• Theca cells

Follicular waves

• Estrus

  • Ovulation

• Metestrus

  • CH

  • P4 starts to rise

• Diestrus

  • CL

• Proestrus

  • P4 start to drop

Ovary shapes of the different species

• swine/sow (pig)

• mare

• cow/ewe/doe

• Almond shape (cow/doe/ewe)

• Kidney bean shape (mare)

• Cluster of grapes (sow)

+/- E2 hormone affect on H in terms of puberty

Before puberty:

• E2 has neg (-) effect on H

After puberty:

• E2 has pos (+) effect on H

• P4 has neg (-) effect on H

4 Stages of the follicle

Primordial follicle

• before birth

Primary follicle

• 1 layer of Granulosa cells

• not visable

Secondary follicle

• 2 or more layers of Granulosa cells

• not visable

• some theca cells

Tertiary (Graafian) follicle

• Antrum fluid

• surface of ovary

• basically fully developed

• mature oocyte