FINAL Questions: Exam 4

Which of the following tissues or structures in flowering plants is haploid?

A. flower petal cells

B. megaspore mother cells

C. synergids

D. integument cells

E. filament cells

C. synergids

After fertilization the integument of gymnosperms becomes the _______

A. zygote

B. embryo

C. seed coat

D. nutritive tissue

E. ovule

C. seed coat

Which of the following represents a significant benefit for seed-producing plants (angiosperms)?A. seed coat protecting the embryo

B. supply of food for the embryo

C. ability to remain dormant

D. ability to survive more environmental extremes

E. all of these are benefits of seeds

E. all of these are benefits of seeds

A typical gymnosperm seed consists of the integument, nucellus, and _____

A. a pollen grain

B. a fruit

C. a microsporangium

D. an embryo

E. all of the above

D. an embryo

Which of the following structures or features is a part of pine leaves?

A. resin canals

B. a hypodermis

C. a thick cuticle

D. sunken stomat

E. all of these are correct

E. all of these are correct

In pines, a pollen grain reaches the nucellus via the ______

A. archegonium

B. micropyle

C. pollen tube

D. embryo

E. stigma

B. micropyle

The specific cells of pines that develop into pollen grains are ______

A. sperms

B. megaspores

C. nucellus cells

D. microspores

E. microsporocyte

D. microspores

(E. microsporocyte is also acceptable)

Consider the gymnosperm life cycle. Draw a pine ovule just prior to fertilization, including the following terms:

integument, ovule, egg, nucellus, sperm (x2), and tube nucleus

Integument: covering

Egg: behind nucellus

Tube nucleus: starts at micropyle, goes through nucellus

Tube nucleus: ahead of sperm (x2)

Two nuclei in the angiosperm pollen grain enter the pollen tube as it germinates. the one that undergoes division, and eventually gives rise to two sperms, is the ____ nuceus

A. generative

B. sterile

C. tube

D. vegetative

E. ventral

A. generative

Draw and label the life cycle of a typical angiosperm from megasporocyte and microsprocyte to matue female gamete and mature male gamete

What is a complete flower?

a flower not lacking any parts

What is an imperfect flower?

a flower lacking either male or female sexual organs

The phylum Ginkgophyta is represented by ____ living specie

A. 7

B. 1

C. over 100

D. approximately 50

E. zero

B. 1

Which of the follwing tissues, cells, or structures in flowering plants are part of the sporophyte generation an therefore diploid?

A. generative nucleus

B. sperm

C. synergid

D. cell od endosperm

E. cell of an integument

E. cell of an integument

The name 'angiosperm', used for flowering plants, refers to ______

A. the production of seeds inside the ovary

B. the process of fertilization to produce a zygote

C. the occurrence of double fertilization

D. the showy appearance of flowers

E. all of the above

A. the production of seeds inside the ovary

In this question, assume that the life cycle of a flowering plant begins with the germination of a seed and ends with the development of a fruit. Two events that occur in the life cycle are formation of a pollen pollen tube and pollination. What is the correct order in which they occur?

A. The first event precedes the second event

B. the second event precedes the first event

C. both events occur more or less simultaneously

B. the second event precedes the first event

Pine wood is said to be soft because of the absence of ____

A. knots

B. silica

C. fibers and vessel elements

D. a hypodermis

E. xylem

C. fibers and vessel elements

In this question, assume that the life cycle of a flowering plant begins with the germination of a seed and ends with the development of a fruit. Two events that occur in the life cycle are the germination of a pollen grain and the formation of a generative nucleus. What is the correct order in which they occur?

A. The first event precedes the second event

B. the second event precedes the first event

C. both events occur more or less simultaneously

B. the second event precedes the first event

Western North America contains populations of the tallest, most massive, and oldest of the living gymnosperms. they are ______

A. California gum tree, elephant tree and creosote

B. coastal redwood, sequoia, and bristlecone pine

C. bald cypress, red pine, and jack pine

D. Douglas fir, dawn redwood and sugar pine

E. none of these

B. coastal redwood, sequoia, and bristlecone pine

The structure that matures into the seed is called a/an ______

A. ovule

B. megasporangium

C. pollen grain

D. ovary

E. ovuliferous scale

A. ovule

What is the function of the endosperm?

provide nutrients to the developing embryo

The mature female gametophyte of an angiosperm consists of _____

A. an archegonium developing from nuclear tissue

B. all of the ovules inside an ovary

C. a sac within the ovule containing 8 nuclei

D. a pistil

E. multicellular nuclear mass developing from the central cell nuclei

C. a sac within the ovule containing 8 nuclei

How is the endosperm created specifically? (what joins together))

sperm cell fuses with central cell nuclei

The unique products of of double fertilization in angiosperm are ______

A. fruit and seed

B. polyploidy endosperm and fruit

C. a diploid embryo and polyploid endosperm

D. seed produced on an exposed sporophyll

E. seed protected by woody cone scales

C. a diploid embryo and polyploid endosperm

What is the ploidy level (n) of endosperm in most cases?

triploid

In this question, assume that the life cycle of a flowering plant begins with the germination of a seed and ends with the development of a fruit. Two events that occur in the life cycle are the formation of central cell nuclei and the formation of megaspores

A. the first event precedes the second event

B. the second event precedes the first event

C. both events occur more or less simultaneously

B. the second event precedes the first event

Which of the following pollinators rely more on vision than on smell in seeking floral energy sources?

A. beetles

B. bats

C. flies

D. hummingbirds

E. moths

D. hummingbirds

Flowers with well-developed landing platforms and nectar guides would probably be pollinated by ______

A. beetles

B. ants

C. bats

D. bees

E. spiders

D. bees

The mature male gametophyte of an angiosperm consists of _______

A. a photosynthetic sheet of cells called a prothallus

B. a germinated pollen grain with a vegetative nucleus and two sperm nuclei

C. a multicellular cylinder of cells living as a saprobe

D. a multicellular structure that produces sperm in an antheridium

E. a young pollen grain

B. a germinated pollen grain with a vegetative nucleus and two sperm nuclei

Flowers that are pollinated by beetles tend to _______

A. have yeasty, spicy, or fruity odors

B. have foul, rotten meat odors

C. have delicate, sweet odors

D. be bright blue or bright yellow in color

E. be bright red in color

A. have yeasty, spicy, or fruity odors

The ______ family has the largest number of known species

A. orchid

B. grass

C. sunflower

D. pea

E. buttercup

A. orchid

Which statement about angiosperms is not true?

A. angiosperms exceed conifers in a number of species and diversity of habitats in which they are are found

B. angiosperms take a shorter period of time from pollination to formation of mature seeds than conifers

C. endosperm in angiosperms is a higher ploidy level than that of conifers

D. all angiosperms are better adapted for living in areas with long winters than are the conifers

E. animal pollination found in many angiosperms is more reliable and less haphazard than wind pollination found in conifers

D. all angiosperms are better adapted for living in areas with long winters than are the conifers

In this question, assume that the life cycle of a flowering plant begins with the germination of a seed and ends with the development of a fruit. Two events that occur in the life cycle are the formation of endosperm tissue and the development of an embryo

A. the first event precedes the second event

B. the second event precedes the first event

C. both events occur more or less simultaneously

C. both events occur more or less simultaneously

Which of the following is part of a compound ovary within which seeds develop from ovules?

A. peduncle

B. style

C. integument

D. carpel

E. none of these answers are correct

D. carpel

Botanists preserve plants for future reference and study as part of the research collection in a/an _______

A. greenhouse

B. museum

C. botany lab

D. herbarium

E. apiary

D. herbarium

Pollination involves the ______

A. fusion of egg and sperm

B. development of a pollen tube

C. transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma

D. division of a generative nucleus, forming two sperms

E. maturation of pollen grains in an anther

C. transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma

by definition, a monoecious plant _______

A. has flowers with both male and female parts

B. has separate male and female flowers on the same plant

C. has male flowers on one plant and female flowers on another plant

D. has only self-pollinating flowers

E. propagates itself only asexually

B. has separate male and female flowers on the same plant

With over 250,000 species known, the phylum ______ is the largest phylum in the plant kingdom

A. gnetophyta

B. ginkgophyta

C. coniferphyta

D. psilotophyta

E. magnoliophyta

E. magnoliophyta

Which of the following is an aril?

A. nutritive tissue surrounding the female gametophyte of conifers

B. an alternate name for a pine needle

C. a fleshy cuplike covering surrounding the ovule of a yew

D. a light, airy seed

E. all of these answers are correct

C. a fleshy cuplike covering surrounding the ovule of a yew

The definition of a dioecious plant is one that _____

A. has flowers with both male and female parts

B. has separate male flowers and separate female flowers on the same plant

C. has male flowers on one plant and female flowers on another plant

D. has only self-pollinating flowers

E. propagates itself only asexually

C. has male flowers on one plant and female flowers on another plant

The ovary of the flower matures into a/an

A. carpel

B. inferior ovary

C. pollen sac

D. fruit

E. seed

D. fruit

The most widely distributed family, which also has the second largest number of individuals, is the ____

A. sunflower family

B. grass family

C. poppy family

D. orchid family

E. carrot family

A. sunflower family

Meisosis occurs in pines in the microsporangia and in the ____

A. developing ovule

B. micropyle

C. pollen grains

D. nucellus

E. egg

A. developing ovule

The term gymnosperm refers to:

A. plants with exceptionally active sperms

B. all plants that do not produce flowers

C. plants whose seeds are enclosed within woody layers

D. plants whose sperms must migrate through looped tubes to reach the eggs

E. plants whose seeds are produced out in the open (as opposed to being enclosed within a structure)

E. plants whose seeds are produced out in the open (as opposed too being enclosed within a structure)

Which of the following is not a phylum of gymnosperms?

A. Polypodiophyta

B. Ginkgophyta

C. Pinophyta

D. Gnetophyta

E. Cyadophyta

A. polypodiphyta

Demonstrate the difference between an ovary with epigynous, hypogynous, and perigynous flower parts, respectively, in a labeled sketch

Hypogynous: calyx and corolla covers ovary

Perigynous: calyx and corolla halfway covering ovary

Hypogynous: calyx and corolla below ovary

Which statement about the nucellus is not true?

A. nucellus tissue is found within the ovule of the gymnosperms

B. the nucellus is covered by the integuments

C. the nucellus plays a role in both male and female gametophyte nutrition

D. the food stored in the nucellus is used by the developing megagameotphyte

E. the ovule, nucellus, and integument are all haploid tissues

E. the ovule, nucellus, and integument are haploid tissues

In the life cycle of a typical conifer, _____

A. pollen is produced in the woody cones

B. pollen is produced in inconspicuous flowers

C. seeds are produced in woody cones

D. both A & C are correct

E. A, B, & C are correct

C. seeds are produced in woody cones