Unit 4 AP Human Geography Concepts Flashcards
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46 Terms
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Centripetal Force
A force that unites a country, giving the population a strong sense of national identity and patriotism.
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Centrifugal Force
Something that separates a country, causing tension and separation among a population.
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Militarized Boundary
A heavily guarded boundary designed to discourage and prevent people from crossing, often indicating tension between nations.
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Open Boundaries
Boundaries with very little restrictions on movement, allowing people to cross more freely.
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Median-Line Principle
A principle to avoid conflict over oceanic resources by drawing a line down the middle of the ocean between countries.
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Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
The zone extending 200 nautical miles offshore from a country, granting limited rights over the area.
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Sovereignty
The ability of a state to govern itself without outside interference.
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Self-determination
The right of people to choose their own government.
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Maquiladora Factories
Factories in northern Mexico that assemble raw materials for export to the USA using cheap labor.
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Relic Boundary
A political boundary that no longer exists but has remnants or signs of its previous existence.
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Frontier
An area where no state has direct political power.
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Natural Boundaries
Boundaries drawn based on physical landscapes, such as mountains or rivers.
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De Jure Area
An area defined by legal boundaries, recognized by law.
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De Facto Area
An area where segregation occurs due to cultural factors rather than law.
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Primordialism
The belief that ethnic identities are fixed and natural.
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Constructivism
The concept that knowledge is actively constructed through actions and experiences.
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Gerrymandering
The practice of redrawing voting districts to favor a particular political party.
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Voting District
An area for voting that aims to ensure fair representation by electing representatives.
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Berlin Conference (1884-1885)
A meeting among European nations to divide Africa without considering ethnicities or cultures.
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Maritime Boundary
The line defining a state’s control over ocean resources.
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Democracy
A form of government run by the people, allowing them to make political decisions.
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Unitary States
A government form where the central government holds most of the power.
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Satellite State
A state that is technically independent but heavily influenced by a more powerful state.
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Microstate
A very small state with a tiny population and land area.
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Multi-Nation State
A state with multiple large ethnic groups within it.
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Multi-State Nation
A large group of people with a shared identity that spans multiple states.
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Nation-state
A state where political and cultural boundaries closely align.
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Stateless nation
A group of people with a shared culture that lacks territorial sovereignty.
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Autonomous Region
A part of a country that has some degree of self-governance but remains part of a larger state.
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Semi-Autonomous Region
An area with limited self-government that ultimately answers to the national government.
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Territorial Sea
The 12 nautical miles from a coastline over which a state has complete sovereignty.
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UNCLOS
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which defines state control over ocean areas.
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Devolution
The process of transferring powers from the central government to local governments.
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Independence Movements
Movements seeking to gain sovereignty and independence from a larger state.
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State
An area governed by a political entity with sovereignty over its territory.
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Westphalian state system
A political system that emphasizes state sovereignty and non-intervention.
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Decolonization
The process through which a colony gains independence from its colonizers.
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Demilitarized Zone
An area where military forces are prohibited to prevent conflicts.
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Feudal System
A social structure in medieval Europe where landowners provided protection to vassals in exchange for loyalty.
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Irredentist Movements
Movements where a nation seeks to reclaim land previously owned or populated by it.
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Border
A political line defining the end of a state's territory.
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Neocolonialism
The continued economic dependence of a former colony on its colonizer after gaining political independence.
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Subsequent boundary
A boundary established after settlement, aligning with cultural groups and patterns.
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Superimposed boundary
A boundary drawn without consideration for cultural groups and existing communities.
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Geometric Boundaries
Boundaries defined by straight lines based on latitude and longitude.
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Antecedent Boundary
A boundary that existed before human settlement.
Note 
Flashcards (45)