Great Awakening

Conversion

an intense spiritual experience, accepting Jesus, “reborn”, saved from hell

What event kickstarted the Great Awakening?

a funeral sermon in which John Edwards warned anyone could go to hell

reform leader who said that God predestined who’d go to hell or heaven

John Calvin

HOw long did they believe converting took in the Protestant Reformation?

lifetime

How long did they believe converting took in the 1700s?

one spiritual moment

Christians who appealed to emotions, and preached moral behavior, dramatically, strict bible readings, and believed in sudden conversion

Puritan

an outpouring of God’s spirit

an awakening

goal of awakening

to persuade unconverted to accept God’s spirit

conditions that allowed for awakening

majority unconverted, “degeneracy”

Who was responsible for the Northampton AWakening

Johnathan Edgwards

What kickstarted the Middle Colonies awakening?

a mass migration of Scotch-Irish Presbyterians

An evangelical Prebysterian with an emotional preaching style who vividly described hell

Gilbert Tennent

What secret was uncovered and attacked by Tennent?

The fact that many pastors were unconverted

How did Tennent react to the unconverted pastors

He denounced them and told listeners to leave them for converted ones

Were the awakenings well connected in 1730s?

No and the South was unawakened

the Grand Itinerant

George Whitfield

What church was Whitfield from?

He was ordained in an Anglican church and was from the official church of England

Why was Whitfield an “itinerant’

He was a traveling preacher and preached in fields and streets

Was Whitfield an emotional or logical preacher?

emotional

promotional methods Great Awakening

posters, newspapers, press agents

Where and how did Whitfield meet Edwards?

He met him in Northampton at a tour of the colonies he was doing

Where did the Great Awakening reach?

most colonies, laggfed behind South and frontier

New Light vs. Old Light

Whitfield criticized unconverted ministers, causing divide between Great Awakening preachers and regular ones

What were New Light ministers called by town ministers?

enthusiasts

who was the most famous enthusiast preacher who was highly emotional, attacked unconverted ministers, and imitated Christ

James Davenport

The official church of what place was dominated by Old LIght preachers and prohibited itinerant teaching by anyone outside the colony

Connecticut

Why was Davenport discredited?

He was arrested and declared insane. After being deported he told his followers to burn religious books, jewelry, and fancy clothing.

Old light critic who called the movement “noise” and enthusiastic heat

Charles Chauncy

counterargument to criticism of awakening

thousands of conversions, moral churches

What controversial thing did Edwards do that ended the Great Awakening?

He banned unconverted parents from baptizing kids in his church causing him to be dismissed

What types of churches were formed after the Great Awakening?

Evangelical

What demands did the new churches make?

the right to worship and preach, objected to public churches, and laws supporting established churches

What did people become more tolerant of?

religious diversity, differing religions

Rehearsal Theory

The theory that the Great Awakening was practice for the American REvolution

Things supporting the rehearsal theory

People challenged the ruling class, and liked individual morals. The message was inspiring to disadvantaged people and it prepped normal people to take over.

Things rejecting the rehearsal theory

it was not a true mass movement, most activity was in large cities like New England and Jersey, it barely affeected the South. There were no new leaders and a lack of political focus, and the revival effects faded.