art exam 2

To define ideas, plan for larger projects, resolve design issues in preparatory sketches, and to record their visual observations

Why does an artist draw?

45,500 years ago

When did artists on South Sulawesi Island, Indonesia create paintings?

China

In what culture were the earliest existing printed artworks on paper created?

18th century

In what period did the division between arts and craft commence?

roman

What ancient culture was the process of glassblowing perfected?

the use of symbol to communicate information and ideas

What is the essence of visual communication design?

the wizard of oz 1939

What is one of the first popular films to use color imagery

medium

the material or substance an artist uses to create their work, such as paint, clay, or digital tools

media

both the type of art as well as the materials an artwork is made from

pencil

drawing and marking tool, consisting of a core of graphite or pigment encased in a protective casing, typically wood

pastel

both a medium—sticks of pure pigment bound with a light binder—and an adjective describing a pale, light-colored hue

silverpoint

A method of drawing with a pen-like tool with a fine silver tip onto paper prepared with a ground covered in a tinted layer

crayon

a stick made of colored wax, chalk, charcoal, or clay used for drawing and coloring

charcoal

a drawing medium made from burnt organic materials, primarily wood, that produces rich blacks and a variety of textures

hatching

an artistic technique used to create tonal or shading effects by drawing, painting, or scribing closely spaced parallel lines

cross hatching

a drawing technique that uses two or more sets of parallel lines, drawn at different angles, to create shading, texture, depth, and form

arriccio

a second coat of plaster, somewhat finer than the first coat, applied over the entire surface and on which the drawing for the fresco is done

sgraffito

an art technique that involves scratching through a top layer of colored material, such as paint, slip, or plaster, to reveal a contrasting color underneath

intonaco

the final, thin layer of fine, wet plaster applied to a wall in fresco painting on which the pigments are painted

chalk

A drawing material, similar in texture and appearance to pastels, made from various soft stones or earths

oil

form of a slow-drying paint that consists of particles of pigment suspended in a drying oil that forms a tough, colored film on exposure to air

lead

the heavy, toxic metal itself, which was historically used in pigments like white lead and for its malleability in sculpture

wax

Wax is a solid material derived from plant, animal, and petroleum sources. It is used to protect paints from wear, create sculptures, make wax crayons and colored pencils, and for encaustic painting

binder

the substance that holds pigment particles together and adheres them to a surface, acting as the glue or adhesive for paint, pastels, or other mediums; linseed oil for oil paints, egg yolk for tempera, gum arabic for watercolors, acrylic polymer for acrylics, and beeswax for encaustic paints