Urbanisation Glossary Flashcards

Flashcards for Urbanisation Glossary

Brownfield site

an area of land originally used for something else (such as factories) but has been prepared for new building development

Conurbation

a large urban area which includes smaller towns that have grown and merged e.g. Greater Manchester

Counter-urbanisation

the movement of people from urban areas to live in rural areas

De-industrialisation

the loss of industry in an area

Development

a process of change which takes place in a country, with the aim of improving the quality of life

Economy

all the business activity taking place in a country – in producing, transporting, selling, and buying goods and services

Farming

the practice of humans planting seeds and raising animals, which developed about 12 000 years ago

Industrialisation

the growth of industry in an area

Industrial Revolution

the period (about 1760–1840 in Britain) when many new machines were invented, and factories were built

Industry

manufacturing or service activity e.g. the car industry or the tourism industry

Infrastructure

the facilities that keep a city running, such as water and electricity supplies, waste disposal, and transport networks

Megacity

a city with over 10 million people

Pull factors

reasons people move to an area e.g. job opportunities or better quality of life

Push factors

reasons people move away from an area e.g. lack of jobs or an unsafe environment

Regeneration

the process of restoring an area that was in a poor state and bring it back to life

Rural area

an area that is mainly countryside – it may have villages and small towns

Rural-urban migration

the movement of people from rural areas to live in urban areas

Settlement

a place where people live – it could be a hamlet, village, town or city

Slum

an area of a city with very poor housing and living conditions

Squatter settlement

an area of slum housing built illegally on vacant land

Suburbs

an area on the outskirts of a city – usually residential

Sustainable

something that can be carried on into the future without harming people’s quality of life, the economy, or the environment

Urban area

a built-up area ( a large town or a city) – the opposite of rural

Urbanisation

an increase in the percentage of the population living in urban areas

Urban sprawl

the outward growth of an urban area into nearby settlements