Cognitive Exam 2 Multiple Choice Questions

On your first day at HU, you looked up the campus map on your phone, but once it came time for class, your phone died right as you were looking at the map. Luckily, you were able find your way to class thanks to your:

Visuospatial sketchpad

Identify the statements that characterize the differences between working (WM) and long-term memory (LTM)

The amount of information held in LTM is much larger than the amount of information held in WM.

According to Posner’s (1980) study of attention and signal detection, it is easier to process information when:

Your attention has been directed to the location of the signal.

Implicit memory is one form of:

Long-term Memory

You are cramming for an exam on your way to campus. While re-reading your notes, you still effectively lock your front
door and grab your coffee mug. This is an example of:

Automatic Processing

You and some friends are going to dinner to celebrate getting As on your Cog Psych final. Your friend recommends a restaurant across town from you, but you remember that last time you went, the traffic was terrible and everyone was an
hour late. This type of memory is:

Episodic memory

If you are asked to remember three phone numbers, you are more likely to remember the ___________ number due to
the ____________.

Last number; recency effects

Which attention model best explains noticing your name in an unattended conversation? 

Attenuation Model 

In the flanker task, why do incompatible flankers slow response? 

They compete for attention. 

According to Posner (1980), reaction times are fastest when: 

Cue is valid.

Which component of Baddeley’s working memory holds spoken material? 

Phonological Loop 

HM’s case showed that the hippocampus is crucial for: 

Forming new explicit memories 

Which of the following is semantic memory?  

Knowing the capital of Japan 

Ebbinghaus’ forgetting curve shows that forgetting is: 

Rapid at first, then slows 

Broadbent’s filter model suggests that: 

Only attended information passes through to deeper processing. 

According to Treisman’s attenuation model, unattended information: 

Can be processed if it has a low threshold. 

A person driving while daydreaming is more likely to be distracted if the driving task is: 

Low perceptual load 

Which finding best supports the late-selection model? 

Unattended words bias the meaning of ambiguous sentences. 

Shiffrin & Schneider’s consistent mapping condition showed that: 

Practice can make some tasks automatic.

The visuospatial sketchpad is used when you: 

Imagine rearranging furniture in your living room. 

The word length effect shows that: 

Short words are remembered better than long words.

Which brain area was key in Funahashi’s monkey study of working memory? 

Prefrontal cortex

HM could still learn mirror-tracing tasks after his surgery, which illustrates: 

Intact procedural/implicit memory

In Atkinson & Shiffrin’s modal model, rehearsal primarily helps transfer information from:  

STM → LTM 

Episodic memory differs from semantic memory in that it involves: 

Personal experiences tied to time and place.

Which of the following is an example of priming? 

Seeing the word “doctor” makes you recognize “nurse” faster. 

KC lost episodic memory but retained semantic memory, which shows: 

Episodic and semantic memory are separate systems. 

The recency effect occurs because: 

Last items are still in STM. 

Which statement best describes Ebbinghaus’ forgetting curve? 

Memory loss is rapid at first, then levels off.