PR1: 1ST QT

Research

* The systematic, rigorous investigation of a

situation or problem in order to generate new

knowledge or validate existing knowledge.

* It is an inquiry-based learning.
* Also commonly referred to as basic or pure research

Inquiry

is to look for information by asking various
questions about the thing you are curious about

research

is to discover truths by investigating on your chosen topic scientifically; meaning by going through a systematic way of doing things wherein you are to begin from the simplest to the most complex modes or patterns of thinking

Verification of existing ideas, Acquisition of new knowledge, Application of new knowledge, Advancement of the researcher’s expertise

ENUM: AIMS OF RESEARCH

Realistic, Logical, Cyclical, Analytical, Objective, Critical, Replicable

ENUM: CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH

Realistic

actual data

Logical

valid procedure/principle

Cyclical

starts with a problem and ends with a problem

Analytical

proper analysis of data should be done before making conclusions

Objective

lack of bias or prejudice; conclusions based on accurate data

Critical

careful and precise judgement

Replicable

written in such a way that o way that other resarchers cabn perform the same activity

1. identify the research problem
2. explore existing literature related to the research
3. develop the research design
4. collecting data
5. analyzing data
6. forming conclusions, implications, recommendations
7. reporting findings

RECITE: STAGES OF THE RESEARCH PROCESS

Honesty

• Honestly report
data.
• Do not fabricate,
falsify, or
misinterpret data.
Do not deceive
colleagues, granting
agencies, or the
public.

Objectivity

• Strive to avoid bias in experimental design, data analysis, data interpretation, peer review, personnel decisions, grant writing, expert testimony, and other aspects of research.

Carefulness

• Avoid careless
errors and
negligence;
carefully and
critically examine
your own work and
the work of your
peers. Keep good
records of research
activities, such as
data collection,
research design,
and
correspondence
with agencies or
journals.

Openness

• Share data, results, ideas, tools, resources. Be open to criticism and new ideas.

Respect for
intellectual
property

• Honor patents, copyrights, and other forms of intellectual property. Do not use unpublished data, methods, or results without permission. Give credit where credit is due.

Confidentiality

• Protect
confidential
communications,
such as papers or
grants submitted
for publication,
personnel
records, trade or
military secrets,
and patient
records.

Anonymity

• Ensures that a
person remains
nameless and
unidentifiable.

Protection from
harm

• Physically,
psychologically,
legally, and
professionally

Privacy

• The freedom of the individual to pick and choose for themselves the time and circumstances under which, and the extent to which, their attitudes, beliefs, behaviors and opinions are to be shared with, or withheld from others.

Informed
consent

• Inform the participants about the purpose of your research, their right to decline to participate, potential risks, limits of confidentiality incentives for participation