DEVPSYCH (LESSON 4)

Patterns of Growth

Height and Weight

The Brain

Sleep

Nutrition

Physical Growth and Developmental in Infancy

Cephalocaudal Pattern

The sequence in which growth proceeds from top to bottom.

Proximodistal Pattern

The sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves toward the extremities

20 inch, 7 pounds

The average North American newborn is ___ inches long and weighs __ pounds.

Dendritic Spreading

One of the most dramatic changes in thr brain in the first two years of life is _____ _____, which increases the connections between neurons.

Myelination

Speeds the conduction of nerve impulses, continues through infancy and even into adolescence.

Lateralization

Refers to specialization of function in one hemisphere or the other

18

Newborns usually sleep about ___ hours a day.

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Some experts believe shared sleeping can lead to ____ ____ _____ ______, a condition that occurs when a sleeping infant suddenly stops breathing and dies without an apparent cause.

50

Infants need to consume about ___ calories per day for each pound they weigh

The Dynamic Systems View

Reflexes

Gross Motor Skills

Fine Motor Skills

Motor Development

Thelen’s Dynamic Systems Theory

It seeks to explain how motor behaviors are assembled for perceiving and acting.

Thelen’s Dynamic Systems Theory

According to this theory, motor skills are the result of many converging factors such as the development of the nervous sytem

Dynamic

In the ______ systems view, motor development is far more complex than the result of a genetic blueprint.

Reflexes

Automatic movements govern the newborn’s behavior.

Sucking

For infants, _____ is an especially important reflex because it provides a means of obtaining nutrition.

Gross Motor Skills

Involve large-muscle activities

Fine Motor Skills

Involve finely tuned movements

Sensation

Occurs when information interacts with sensory receptors

Perception

The interpretation of sensation

The Ecological View

It created by the Gibsons, directly perceive information that exists in the world around us.

Perception

Brings people in contact with the environment to interact with and adapt to it.

Affordances

Provide opportunities for interaction offered by objects that fit within our capabilities to perform activities.

Intermodal Perception

The ability to relate and integrate information from two or more sensory modalities — are present in newborns and become sharpened over the first year of life.

Nature

____ advocates are referred to as nativists

Nurture

____ proponents are called empiricists.