Key Concepts in Labor Movements and Economic Ideologies

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15 Terms

1

Labor Union

An organized group of workers formed to protect and advance the rights and interests of its members in terms of wages, benefits, and working conditions.

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2

Strike

A work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work, usually as a form of protest to enforce demands regarding wages or working conditions.

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3

Lockout

An action taken by employers to prevent workers from entering the workplace, typically used to resist worker demands or to force workers to agree to certain terms.

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4

Knights of Labor

A prominent national labor organization founded in 1869, which sought to include all workers, skilled and unskilled, and advocated for reforms like an 8-hour workday and better wages.

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5

American Federation of Labor

A federation of skilled labor unions founded in 1881 by Samuel Gompers, focusing on immediate benefits such as better wages, working conditions, and hours, and advocating for skilled workers.

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6

Samuel Gompers

A labor leader who founded the American Federation of Labor and promoted organized labor movements, focusing on practical reforms like higher wages and shorter hours.

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7

Haymarket Riot

A violent confrontation in 1886 between police and labor protesters in Chicago, associated with a bomb explosion during a labor rally, which led to widespread public suspicion of labor unions.

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8

Homestead Strike

A major industrial lockout and strike at Carnegie Steel in 1892, which became violent and ultimately resulted in the breakdown of the union involved.

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9

Pullman Strike

A widespread railroad strike in 1894 against the Pullman Company after wage cuts, which was broken by federal intervention and destroyed the American Railway Union.

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10

Ideology

A set of beliefs or philosophies that influences a person's goals, expectations, and actions, particularly in politics and economics.

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11

Capitalism

An economic system where private individuals or businesses own capital goods and production is driven by profit in a free market.

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12

Social Darwinism

A theory applying the concept of 'survival of the fittest' to society, suggesting that the strongest individuals or businesses will naturally rise to power and wealth.

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13

Communism

A political and economic ideology based on the ideas of Karl Marx, advocating for a classless society in which all property and production means are owned communally.

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14

Socialism

A political and economic system where the government controls or regulates key industries to ensure a fair distribution of resources and services, often aiming to reduce economic inequality.

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15

Anarchism

A political philosophy that advocates for the abolition of all government structures, believing that societies can organize themselves without centralized control.

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