Chapter 4 Federalism POLS 15

Flashcards covering terms and definitions related to federalism and government powers.

Federalism

A political system where power is divided between national and state governments.

Supremacy Clause

Constitution’s provision that national law takes precedence over state laws (Article VI).

Enumerated Powers

Powers specifically granted to the national government by the Constitution.

Implied Powers

Powers not explicitly stated but inferred from the Necessary and Proper Clause.

Reserved Powers

Powers kept by the states under the 10th Amendment.

Concurrent Powers

Powers shared by both the national and state governments (like taxing).

Necessary and Proper Clause

Constitutional authorization for Congress to make all laws 'necessary and proper' to carry out its powers.

Full Faith and Credit Clause

Requires states to recognize each other’s public acts, records, and judicial proceedings.

Dual Federalism

Model where state and national governments operate separately ('layer cake' federalism).

Cooperative Federalism

Model where state and national governments work together ('marble cake' federalism).

Categorical Grant

Federal grants for specific purposes, often with conditions attached.

Block Grant

Federal grants given for broad purposes with fewer restrictions.

Unfunded Mandate

Federal requirement imposed on states without funding to cover costs.