Medical Gross Anatomy Ch.1(Terms

hyaline cartilage

most common; matrix contains a moderate amount of collagen fibers (e.g., articular surfaces of bones

elastic cartilage

matrix contains collagen fibers along with a large number of elastic fibers (e.g., external ear)

fibrocartilage

matrix contains a limited number of cells and ground substance amidst a substantial amount of collagen fibers (e.g., intervertebral discs).

Long bones

tubular (e.g., humerus in upper limb; femur in lower limb)

Short bones

cuboidal (e.g., bones of the wrist and ankle)

Flat bones

consist of two compact bone plates separated by spongy bone (e.g., skull)

Irregular bones

are bones with various shapes (e.g., bones of the face)

Sesamoid

bones are round or oval bones that develop in tendons

Avascular Necrosis

Avascular necrosis is cellular death of bone resulting from a temporary or permanent loss of blood supply to that bone.

Arthroscopy

is a technique of visualizing the inside of a joint using a small telescope placed through a tiny incision in the skin.

Fascia

connective tissue containing varying amounts of fat that separate, support, and interconnect organs and structures, enable movement of one structure relative to another, and allow the transit of vessels and nerves from one area to another.

arteries

transport blood away from the heart

veins

transport blood toward the heart

capillaries

which connect the arteries and veins, are the smallest of the blood vessels and are where oxygen, nutrients, and wastes are exchanged within the tissues.