Dermatology & respiratory

After starting a new medication, when does the onset of SJS/TEN most often occur?

Within the first month

When filling a prescription for isotretinoin, what is the maximum amount of medication that can be dispensed at one time?

30-day supply

Mupirocin is a heat-sensitive drug, meaning that when exposed to high temperature the products efficacy ___________.

decreases

A 20-year-old female presents to the ambulatory clinic with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis on her lower leg. She has no other significant medical history and is not currently using any treatment.

Which of the following is the most appropriate first-line pharmacotherapy option for this patient?

Topical triamcinolone cream (Kenalog)

What part of the skin is represented by A

Epidermis

What layer of the skin is B

Dermis

What layer of the skin is C

subcutaneous layer

True or False.

Drugs delivered topically bypass first-pass metabolism.

True

A benefit to drug delivery via a topical route is that patients cannot experience systemic toxicity.

False

What topical preparation is absorbed the slowest?

Ointment

What topical preparation may improve dry skin by preventing moisture from escaping the skin?

Ointment

Which of the following describes a pus-containing lesion on the skin?

Pustule

First generation antihistamines are preferred agents over second generation for long-term use in patients due to less side effects.

False

What is the breath technique for a metered dose inhaler

Deep and slow breath

What is the technique for a dry powder inhaler

deep and quick breath

MP is prescribed an albuterol inhaler as a rescue inhaler for their asthma. MP is prescribed albuterol 1-2 inhalations every 4-6 hours, and the inhaler contains 200 actuations. If MP is using albuterol with the maximum inhalations, how many whole days will the inhaler last? Include units

16 days

An albuterol MDI inhaler delivers 90 mcg of albuterol per actuation. If albuterol delivered via inhalation is 50% bioavailable, what is the actual dose the patient receives? Round to the nearest whole number, include units.

45mcg

What is the method of delivery for an MDI

propellant

B2 receptors cause what affect in the lung

bronchodilation

M3 receptors cause what affect on the lungs

bronchoconstriction

Which of the following would be classifed as a beta 2 agonist with rapid onset, but short duration of action

Albuterol

PK is a 4-year-old 34 lbs child who is prescribed prednisolone 1 mg/kg/day divided Q8h based upon actual body weight. If prednisolone comes as a liquid with a strength of 15 mg/ 5 mL, how many milliliters should PK receive per dose. Round to the nearest tenth and include units.

1.7 mL

What is the name given to a molecule that can bind and activate a receptor, producing a similar response to the intended chemical and receptor resulting in a biological response?

agonist

Which of the following is the MOST appropriate recommendation for a patient with xerosis?

Apply emollient immediately after bathing

Glycerin is added to moisturizing products to draw water into the stratum corneum. Which of the following best describes glycerin's mechanism of action?

Humectant

Which of the following topical agents for dandruff requires counseling on rinsing thoroughly from hair after use to prevent discoloration?

selenium sulfide

Which of the following dandruff treatments is most likely to cause photosensitivity?

Coal Tar

A patient presents with moderate dandruff and has not had success with over-the-counter treatments. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate initial recommendation?

Ketoconazole shampoo

Which of the following is a common complication or comorbidity associated with psoriasis?

Psoriatic arthritis

If a patient presents with psoriasis on 15% of their body, which of the following options should be considered as first-line therapy?

Methotrexate

What is the first-line treatment option for mild-to-moderate psoriasis?

Vitamin D analogues

Which of the following medication is preferred for a patient with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis and PsA?

adalimumab + methotrexate

Which of the following topical corticosteroids would be most appropriate to recommend for this patient as initial therapy?

hydrocortisone 2.5% ointment

If B.A. required treatment with a systemic agent, which of the following would be most appropriate to recommend?

Cyclosporine

Which phase of the hair follicle activity cycle is characterized by hair growth?

Anagen

Which type of hair loss is known for its linkage to autoimmune disorders and presents in both adults and children?

Alopecia Areata (AA)

What is the main difference in the mechanism of action (MOA) between finasteride and dutasteride as described in the comparison of common 5α-reductase inhibitors?

Finasteride blocks only type II 5α-reductase, while dutasteride blocks both type I and II.

What is an appropriate intervention if a patient using topical Minoxidil for hair regrowth observes no improvement after 6 months?

Switch to an alternative medication as per healthcare provider's advice.

Which JAK inhibitor is FDA approved for the treatment of alopecia areata?

Baricitinib (Olumiant)