Drugs for Women's Health and Men's Health

Estradiol is the principle…

endogenous estrogen

Progesterone is the principle…

pregestational (pregnancy hormone)

Estorgen and Progesterone have multiple actions those include?

Female maturation, reproduction effects on primary and secondary sex characteristics

Estrogen action…

metabolic actions which include bone mineralization (positive effect on the bone as they suppress bone reabsorption and prevent bone loss)

affect lipid metabolism and producing a favorable effect on reducing cholesterol numbers

effect on blood coagulation (clotting)

Progesterone is primarily used for…

primarily the hormone for pregnancy- it prepares the uterus for pregnancy and implantation, and it is also required to maintain at a certain level for pregnancy maintenance

True or False: drugs can be given to mimic the actions of estrogen and progesterone

True

Non-contraception uses

hormone replacement for menopause (symptom management)

Contraception uses

Birth control

combination of estrogen and progesterone

progesterone only

Estradiol

Steroidal, synthetic hormone

Estradiol MOA

binds to estrogen receptors (ER) cells

Estradiol Use

non-contraceptive (hormone replacement during menopause) or contraceptive

Estradiol safety alert?

endometrial cancer

Estradiol routes

PO, transdermal (gel, patches, spray), intravaginal, IV/IM (rare)

oral contraceptive drug prototype

ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone (Loestrin)

ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone (Loestrin) -ADEs

thromboembolic disorders (blood clots or strokes), increase in promotion of breast cancer, hypertension, uterine bleeding, teratogenesis, hormonal imbalances

ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone (Loestrin) -Nursing implication

educate the patient on potential for the thromboembolic disorders as well as to educate patient on a strict regimen adherence and what to do if a dose is missed

non-protype drug…

Norethindrone (Camila)

Norethindrone (Camila) is a …

progesterone only

Tocolytic Drugs?

suppress uterine contraction

Tocolytic drugs are used to?

suppress preterm labor

Tocolytic drug prototype?

Hydroxyprogesterone caproate

Oxytocic/uterotonic drugs?

induce uterine contraction

Oxytocic/uterotonic drug use

they induce labor

Oxytocic/uterotonic drug- drug of choice?

Oxytocin (Pitocin) -risk for uterine rupture

testosterone role in body

expression of male sex characteristics but also affects female sexuality

Testosterone can be administered to males for?

androgen deficiencies or if they have low amounts

Testosterone MOA

works by binding to testosterone receptors and then acts on DNA to promote synthesis of specific messenger RNA—> producing proteins that carry out testosterone effects

Testosterone ADEs

risk of thrombosis (safety alert)- myocardial infarction or CVA (stroke) even death

Testosterone routes

PO, injections or transdermal

Drugs for erectile dysfunction include

Phosphodiesterase type five (PDE5) inhibitors-prototype drug Sildenafil (Viagra) -known by the suffix fill

Sildenafil (Viagra) MOA

inhibits PDE5 which then increases and preserves cyclic GMP in the penis- this allows an erection to be harder as well as lasts longer (only if sexual stimuli are present)

Sildenafil (Viagra)-ADEs

hypotension and priapism

Sildenafil (Viagra)-nursing implication

educated the patient to not exceed the daily maximum dose

A significant drug interaction between PDE5 inhibitors and?

drug class nitrates- medication known as nitroglycerin- these drugs together can lower blood pressure significantly

Drugs for BPH (Benign prostatic hyperplasia)

Prototype drug: Finasteride (Proscar)

Finasteride (Proscar)- MOA

works in reproductive tissue to inhibit five alpha reductase which then decrease levels of dihydrotestosterone significantly

Finasteride (Proscar)- ADEs

usually well tolerated by patients but some patients may experience a decrease in ejaculate, volume, and libido (sex drive)

teratogenic to the male fetus

safety alert- increased risk of prostate cancer

Finasteride (Proscar)- Nursing implication

promote adherence for your patients as their treatment will be lifelong