Language of Medicine Chapter 20

What does a radiologist do?

Specializes diagnostic techniques such as ultrasound, MRI and CT scans.

PACS is a:

System to replace traditional films with digital equivalents

thallium 201

type of radionuclide

X-ray of the renal pelvis and urinary tract after injecting dye into a vein:

IVP: intravenous pyelogram

Which is an x-ray of a joint?

Arthrogram

What best characterizes an MRI?

Sagittal, frontal, and cross-sectional images are produced using magnetic and radio waves

Which best describes a barium enema?

Metallic powder is introduced to the large intestine and x-rays are taken

What best characterizes a CT scan?

Uses ionizing x-rays and computer to produce a transverse image of the body organs

Which term describes an x-ray test to show an organ in depth?

Tomography

In which procedure is a transducer used?

ultrasound

SPECT is a:

Technique using a radioactive substance and a computer to create three-dimensional images

What is a substance that gives off high-energy particles or rays?

Radioisotope

DICOM is a:

Protocol for transmission between imaging devices

What can liver and spleen scans detect?

Cirrhosis and splenomegaly due to abscess or tumor

FDG is a:

Radiopharmaceutical used in a PET scan

Measurement or observation within a living organism

in vivo

scintigraphy

Process (two dimensional) used to detect radioactivity emitted in diagnostic imaging

computed tomography

Diagnostic x-ray procedure in which cross-sectional images are made of specific body segments

Process of recording x-ray images of bile vessels

cholangiography

echocardiography

Process of recording sound waves in order to produce an image of the heart

In which x-ray view is the patient upright the back to the x-ray machine the film to the chest?

PA view (PA-pulmonary artery; posteroanterior)

What is an in vivo test?

Experiments are performed in a living organism

Adbuction

Movement away from the midline of the body.

angi/o

vessel (blood)

Angiogram

X-ray image of blood vessels after injecting contrast material into the vessels.

anter/o

front

poster/o

after;behind

Anteroposterior view

Directed from the front toward the back.

aort/o

aorta (largest artery)

Aortography

radiological examination of the aorta and its branches following injection of a contrast medium via a catheter.

-graphy

process of recording, process of recording

Arthrogram

A test done by injecting dye into the shoulder joint and then taking x-rays. Areas where the dye leaks out indicate a tear in the tendons.

arthr/o

joint

-gram

record

Arthrography

A procedure involving multiple x rays of a joint using a fluoroscope, or a special piece of x-ray equipment which shows an immediate x-ray image. A contrast medium (in this case, a contrast iodine solution) injected into the joint area helps highlight structures of the joint.

Barium enema

Contrast medium is injected into the rectum and x-rays are taken to search for lesions

Cholangiography

Radiographic examination of the bile ducts after injection with a special dye.

Cholangiopancreatography

Radiographic examination of the bile ducts and pancreas following administration of a radiopaque contrast medium.

CT scan

A series of x-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice through the body.

Cystography

Radiographic imaging of the bladder

cyst/o

Urinary bladder;cyst; sac of fluid

Dacryocystography

Radiographic recording of the lacrimal sac or tear duct sac

Radiographic

x-ray related

DICOM

DIGITAL IMAGING AND COMMUNICATIONS IN MEDICINE

Duodenography

Radiographic recording of the duodenum, or the first part of the small intestine.

echo-

Reflected sound

Echocardiography

a noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses ultrasound to study to structure and motions of the heart

encephal/o

brain

Encephalography

A radiographic study demonstrating the intracranial fluid containing spaces of the brain.

epididym/o

epididymis

Epididymography

radiographic recording of the epididymis (part of the male reproductive system)

Eversion

turning outward

FDG

fluorodeoxyglucose

fluor/o

luminous

hepat/o

liver

Hepatography

Radioactive examination of the liver

hyster/o

uterus;womb

Hysterosalpingogram

Radiographic image of the uterus and uterine tubes.

Hysteorosalpingography

Is a radiologic procedure to investigate the shape of the uterine cavity and the shape and patency of the fallopian tubes.

In vitro

In an artificial environment outside the living organism.

In vivo

In the living organism.

IONIZATION

Any process that results in the formation of an ion.

IVP (intravenous pyelogram)

Is a special x-ray examination of the kidneys, bladder, and ureters (the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder).

laryng/o

larynx (voice box)

Laryngography

radiographic recording of the larynx

Lymphangiography

radiographic examination of lymph glands and lymphatic vessels after an injection of a contrast medium

lymphangi/o

lymph vessel

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

A technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images that distinguish among different types of soft tissue; allows us to see structures within the brain.

myel/o

spinal cord; bone marrow

Myelogram

X-ray record of the spinal cord

Myelography

Examination of the spinal cord after injection of dye.

Nuclear medicine

The branch of medicine that uses radioactive materials either to image a patient's body or to destroy diseased cells.

PACS

Picture Archiving and Communications System

Perfusion study of the lung

test that is a radiopharmaceutical injected intravenously and traced within the vessels of the lung

Posteroanterior view

positioning patient so that the xray passes through the body from the posterior side to the anterior side

PYELOGRAM

an X ray of the kidneys and ureters

pyel/o

renal pelvis

Pyelography

roentgenography of the kidney and ureters (usually after injection with a radiopaque dye)

Radiologist

a medical specialist who uses radioactive substances and X-rays in the treatment of disease

radi/o

x-ray; radioactivity;radius

Radioisotope

Radioactive form of an element substance; radionuclide.

Radionuclide

Radioactive form of an element that gives off energy in the form of radiation; radioisotope.

Radiopaque

Substance does not allow x-rays to pass through and appears white or light gray on the resulting film

RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL

A radioactive compound used in diagnosis or therapy.

RECUMBENT

Lying down, especially in a position of comfort; reclining

Uptake

Rate of absorption of a radionuclide into an organ or tissue.

single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)

Radioactive tracer is injected intravenously and a computer reconstructs a 3D image based on a composite of many views.

Scientigraphy

a computerized technique sometimes used with adults for measuring the amount of aspiration during or after a swallow

Sialography

Radiographic examination of the salivary glands and ducts after the introduction of a radiopaque material into the ducts.

sial/o

saliva

Sinography

radiographic recording of the sinus or sinus tract

splen/o

spleen

Splenography

radiographic recording of the spleen

SUPINE

lying with the face upward, or on the dorsal surface.

Tomography

sectional imaging

tom/o

to cut

Ultrasound

using the reflections of high-frequency sound waves to construct an image of a body organ (a sonogram)

Urography

urine; urinary tract

Venography

radiographic imaging of a vein

ven/o

vein