WMTA AA

measure

a segment of music defined by a specific number of beats

Bar line

divides the staff into measures

double bar line

two lines that signal the end of a section of music

repeat

do a section of music again

Treble Clef

a clef placing G above middle C on the second-lowest line of the staff.

Bass Clef

a clef placing F below middle C on the second-highest line of the staff.

Grand Staff

A two-part staff consisting of the treble staff on top and the bass staff on the bottom. These staves are connected by a bracket.

phrase

A musical sentence

slur

Smoothly connects two or more notes of different pitches by a curved line over or under the notes

8va

play an octave higher

D.C. al Fine

repeat from the beginning and end at Fine

composer

a person who writes music

form

structure or organization of a musical composition

binary form

AB- form of a composition that has two distinct sections

ternary form

a three-part musical form in which the third section is a repeat of the first; hence ABA

D.S. al Fine

repeat from the sign and play to the end

coda

concluding part of a literary or musical composition; something that summarizes or concludes

Repetition

recurrence of musical elements

sequence

the restatement of a melodic or harmonic motif at a higher or lower pitch level in the same voice

sonata-allegro form

exposition, development, recapitulation

Exposition

the initial presentation of thematic material

Development

the process of transforming and restating musical ideas

Recapitulation

the restatement of a main theme

Movement

self-contained section or part of a larger musical work

Enharmonic

two different names for the same pitch

Chord

a combination of three or more notes sounded simultaneously to create harmony,

Triad

group of three chord

Arpeggio

broken chord

Tonic

first note of a scale

Dominant

fifth scale degree

SATB voice order

soprano, alto, tenor, and bass. Sally ate tasty beans

Relative keys

Major and minor keys that share the same key signature

Parallel keys

major and minor keys with same tonic (ex. C major and c minor)

Double sharp

the symbol x placed before a note, indicating to raise the note a whole step

Double flat

two flats placed before a note, indicating to lower the note a whole step

Supertonic

2nd scale degree

Mediant

3rd scale degree

Subdominant

4th scale degree

Submediant

6th scale degree

Leading tone

7th scale degree

Function

the role or relationship of a chord or scale degree within a key

Andante

walking pace

Moderato

moderate tempo

Allegro

fast tempo

Syncopation

a deliberate upsetting of the normal pattern of accents

Adagio

slow tempo

Allegretto

moderately fast

vivace

lively

Presto

Very fast

Accelerando a tempo

gradually getting faster

Diminuendo

gradually getting softer

Non

not

Molto

Very/Much

Poco

little/slightly

piu

more

Meno

less

Sempre

always

Simile

Similar

Agitato

agitated; rapid

animato

animated, lively

Cantabile

in a singing style

Con moto

with motion

Grazioso

gracefully

Dolce

Sweet

Espressivo

expressively

Leggiero

lightly

Cadence

A musical punctuation. Ends a phrase

Tacet

Silent

Tutti

Together

Sympohny

Full orchestra

Concerto

Features a instrument

Chamber

Small ensemble

Simple Meter

Each beat can be broken into 2

Compound meter

Divides beat in 3

Largo

40-60 beats, very slow

Rubato

Flexible tempo

Allargando

Gradually slower with a crescendo

Sforzando

Sudden and strong emphasis

Tenuto

Always held to full value

Main composers of baroque

JS Bach, Handel, Vivaldi

Main composers of classical

Beethoven, Haydn, Mozart

Main composers of romantic

Chopin, Schubert, Schumann

Main impressionistic composers

Debussy, ravel

Main modern composers

Bartok, copland, kabalevsky

What meter is 2/2

Simple duple

What meter is 3/2

Simple triple

What meter is 2/4

Simple duple

What meter is 3/4

Simple triple

What meter is 4/4

Simple quadruple

What meter is 3/8

Simple triple

What meter is6/8

Compound duple

What meter is 9/8

Compound triple

What meter is 12/8

Compound quadruple

What position is this and where is the root

Snowman’s legs, root position

What inversion is this and where is the root

Second inversion, snowman’s butt

What inversion is this and where is the root

First inversion, snowmans head

What is a authentic cadence

Ending a phrase with a dominant than a root chord

What is a half cadence

Root, dominant, subdominant, root

What is a plagal cadence

Subdom followed by root

How do you get from minor to major

Count down 1.5