chapter 8- skin disorders and diseases vocab

albinism

congenital hyperpigmentation or absence of the melanin pigment of the body, including the skin, hair and eyes

allergic contact dermatitis

abbreviated ACD, an allergy to an ingredient or a chemical, usually caused by repeated skin contact with the chemical

anaerobic

can not survive in the prescence of of oxygen

anhidrosis

deficiency in perspiration, often a result of fever or certain skin diseases

basal cell carcinoma

most common and least severe type of skin cancer, often characterized by light or pearly nodules

bromhidrosis

foul smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or on the feet, is caused by bacteria

bulla

large blister containing a watery fluid, similar to a vesicle but larger

chloasma

aka liver spots, condition characterized by hyperpigmentation on the skin in spots that are not elevated

closed comedo

aka whitehead, hair follicle is closed and not exposed to the environment, sebum remains a white or cream color and comedone appears as small bump just under the skin surface

conjunctivitis

aka pinkeye, common bacterial infection of the eyes, extremely contagious

contact dermatitis

an inflammation of the skin caused by having contact with certain chemicals or substances, many of these substances are used in cosmetology

crust

dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while it is healing, an accumulation of sebum and pus sometimes mixed with epidermal material

cyst

closed, abnormally developed sac that contains fluid, pus, semifluid, or morbid matter above or below the skin

dermatitis

inflammatory condition of the skin

dyschromia

abnormal colorations of the skin that accompany many skin disorders and systemic disorders

eczema

inflammatory uncomfortable and often chronic disease of the skin, characterized by moderate to severe inflammation, scaling and sometimes severe itching

excoriation

skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

extrinsic factors

primarily environmental factors that contribute to aging and the appearance of aging

fissure

a crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis, examples are severely cracked and chapped hands or lips

free radicals

unstable molecules that cause biochemical aging, especially wrinkling and sagging of the skin

herpes simplex

recurring viral infection that often presents as a fever blister or cold sore

hyperhidrosis

excessive sweating, caused by heat or general body weakness

hyperpigmentation

darker than normal pigmentation, appearing as dark splotches

hypertrophy

abnormal growth of the skin

hypopigmentation

absence of pigment, resulting in light or white splotches

impetigo

contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by weeping lesions

intrinsic factors

skin-aging factors over which we have little control

irritant contact dermatitis

abbreviated ICD, occurs when irritating substances temporarily damage the epidermis

keloid

thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue

keratoma

acquired, superficial, thickened patch of epidermis, a callus is a keratoma caused by continued, repeated pressure or friction on any part of the skin, especially the hands and feet

lentigines

technical term for freckles, small yellow colored to brown brown colored spots on skin exposed to sunlight and air

lesion

mark on the skin, may indicate an injury or damage that changes the structure of tissues or organs

leukoderma

skin disorder characterized by light abnormal patches, caused by a burn or congenital disease that destroys the pigment producing cells

macule

flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckle or a red spot left after a pimple has healed

malignant melanoma

most serious form of skin cancer, often characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged or raised

milia

benign, keratin filled cysts that can appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening

milaria rubra

aka prickly heat an acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, characterized by the eruption of small red vesicles and accompanied by burning, itching skin

mole

small, brownish spot or blemish on the skin, ranging in color from pale tan the brown or bluish black

nevus

aka birthmark, small large malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries

nodule

a solid bump larger than 4 inches that can be easily felt

noncomedogenic

product that has been designed and proven not to clog the follicles

primary lesions

lesions that are a different color that the color of the skin and lesions that are raised above the surface of the skin

psoriasis

skin disease characterized by red patches covered with silver white, usually found on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back

retention hyperkeratosis

hereditary tendency for ande prone skin to retain dead cells in the follicles and exacerbates inflammatory acne lesions such as papeles and pustules

rosacea

chronic condition that appears primarily on the cheeks and nose and is characterized by flushing

scale

any thin dry or oily plate of epidermal flakes, example is dandruff

scar

aka cicatrix, lightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury or lesion of the skin has healed

sebaceous cyst

large protruding pocket like lesion filled w sebum, frequently seen on scalp and back, should be removed surgically by dermatologist

seborrheic dermatitis

Skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous gland. It is often characterized by redness, dry, or oily, scaling, crusting, and itchiness.

Secondary skin lesions

characterized by Pile of material on the skin surface, such as crust, or scab, or depressions in the skin surface, such as a ulcer

sensitization

Allergic reaction created by repeated exposure to a chemical or substance

Skin tag

Small brown colored, or flesh colored outgrowth of the skin

Squamous cell carcinoma

Type of skin cancer, more serious than basal cell carcinoma, often characterized by scaly, red papules or nodules

Stain

abnormal brown colored, or wine colored skin discoloration with a circular and irregular shape

tan

Change in pigmentation of skin caused by exposure to the sun or ultraviolet light

telangiectasis

Distended or dilated surface blood vessels

tubercle

abnormal rounded, solid lump above within or under the skin larger than a papule

Tumor

Abnormal mass varying in size shape, and color

ulcer

Open lesions on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by puss and loss of skin depth and possibly weeping fluids or pus

verruca

aka wart hyper trophy of the papillae and epidermis

Vesicle

Small blister, or sac containing clear fluid, lying with in or just beneath the epidermis

vitiligo

Hereditary condition that causes hypopigmented spots in splotches on the skin may be related to thyroid conditions

wheal

itchy, swollen lesion that lasts only a few hours caused by a blow, or scratch the bite of an insect or the sting, hives and mosquito bites