Rohingya and Sudan Crisis Overview

Flashcards covering key information on the Rohingya and Sudan crises, including humanitarian aid, living conditions, and international response.

What organization described the Rohingya as 'the most persecuted minority in the world'?

The United Nations has described the Rohingya as 'the most persecuted minority in the world.'

How many people found safety in Bangladesh after fleeing Myanmar?

Nearly 1 million people have found safety in Bangladesh.

What are Rohingya shelters in Bangladesh typically made of?

Flimsy shelters made of bamboo and tarp.

What diseases are made worse during the rainy season in the camps?

Hepatitis, malaria, dengue and chikungunya.

How many Rohingya refugees were impacted by Cyclone Mocha?

Cyclone Mocha impacted 2.3 million people in Bangladesh, including 930,000 Rohingya refugees.

What services does UNHCR provide to the Rohingya?

Registering refugees, providing protection and legal assistance, preventing gender-based violence, ensuring adequate shelter, health care and sanitation, supporting education and skills development, and distributing relief items.

What energy source does UNHCR aim to provide for cooking in the camps?

Liquefied petroleum gas.

Why is the provision of liquefied petroleum gas important?

It protects women and children from dangerous treks to collect firewood.

What is hindering the successful implementation of climate actions in the camps?

Underfunding directly affects the successful implementation of climate actions.

What proportion of the Rohingya refugee population are women and children?

More than 75 percent of the refugee population are women and children.

What percentage of Rohingya households in Bangladesh rely on humanitarian aid?

95 percent of Rohingya households in Bangladesh are dependent on humanitarian assistance.

What is the largest humanitarian crisis on record?

The situation in Sudan represents the largest humanitarian crisis on record.

How many people are in humanitarian need in Sudan?

30.4 million people in humanitarian need.

What was the humanitarian situation in Sudan before April 2023?

Sudan was already experiencing a severe humanitarian crisis affecting 15.8 million people.

What has the conflict in Sudan done to displacement figures?

The conflict has surged displacement figures to 14.6 million.

What do experts warn Sudan will face?

Experts warn Sudan will face one of the world’s worst famines in decades.

What has decimated Sudan according to the article?

Nearly two years of civil war.

What major system in Sudan has collapsed according to the article?

Sudan’s health care system.

What challenge do humanitarian aid workers face in Sudan?

Attacks on humanitarian aid workers.

What type of surveillance has been implemented in Xinjiang?

Authorities have collected biometric data and tracked movements.

What happens to Uyghur children when their parents are detained?

They are often placed in state-run orphanages or boarding schools.

What has the United States determined about China’s actions toward Uyghurs?

The actions constitute genocide.

What organization described the Rohingya as 'the most persecuted minority in the world'?

The United Nations has described the Rohingya as “the most persecuted minority in the world.”

How many people found safety in Bangladesh after fleeing Myanmar?

Nearly 1 million people have found safety in Bangladesh.

What are Rohingya shelters in Bangladesh typically made of?

Flimsy shelters made of bamboo and tarp.

What diseases are made worse during the rainy season in the camps?

Hepatitis, malaria, dengue and chikungunya.

How many Rohingya refugees were impacted by Cyclone Mocha?

Cyclone Mocha impacted 2.3 million people in Bangladesh, including 930,000 Rohingya refugees.

What services does UNHCR provide to the Rohingya?

Registering refugees, providing protection and legal assistance, preventing gender-based violence, ensuring provision of adequate shelter, health care and sanitation, supporting education and skills development, as well as livelihood opportunities and distributing life-saving relief items where needed.

What energy source does UNHCR aim to provide for cooking in the camps?

Liquefied petroleum gas.

Why is the provision of liquefied petroleum gas important?

It protects women and children from long and dangerous daily treks to collect firewood.

What is hindering the successful implementation of climate actions in the camps?

Underfunding directly affects the successful implementation of climate actions.

What kind of dialogue does UNHCR continue to engage in regarding the Rohingya?

UNHCR continues to engage in political dialogue on their voluntary repatriation.

What is the world's largest stateless population?

The Rohingya are the world’s largest stateless population.

What event in 2017 led to a major exodus of Rohingya from Myanmar?

A massive wave of violence broke out in Myanmar’s Rakhine State.

What percentage of Rohingya households in Bangladesh rely on humanitarian aid?

95 percent of Rohingya households in Bangladesh are dependent on humanitarian assistance.

What proportion of the Rohingya refugee population are women and children?

More than 75 percent of the refugee population are women and children.

Which refugee camps are most Rohingya settled in within Bangladesh?

Most are settled in and around Kutupalong and Nayapara refugee camps in Bangladesh’s Cox’s Bazar region.

What is one of the main dangers Rohingya face when fleeing by sea?

Rohingya refugees are risking their lives on dangerous sea routes to Indonesia and Malaysia.

How deadly are the sea journeys for Rohingya refugees in 2023?

In 2023, one Rohingya died or went missing for every eight who attempted the journey.

What are some of the protection services UNHCR focuses on?

Preventing gender-based violence and ensuring provision of adequate shelter, health care and sanitation.

Why do refugees collect firewood despite the danger?

They need it for cooking fuel in the camps.

What hampers efforts to provide services and climate action in the camps?

Chronic underfunding.

What health risks worsen during monsoon season in refugee camps?

Hepatitis, malaria, dengue and chikungunya.

What fraction of people impacted by Cyclone Mocha were Rohingya refugees?

930,000 Rohingya refugees.

What type of violence are Rohingya women especially vulnerable to?

Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV).

What basic protections are denied to stateless Rohingya families?

Basic rights and protection.

What organization described the Rohingya as 'the most persecuted minority in the world'?

The United Nations has described the Rohingya as “the most persecuted minority in the world.”

How many people found safety in Bangladesh after fleeing Myanmar?

Nearly 1 million people have found safety in Bangladesh.

What are Rohingya shelters in Bangladesh typically made of?

Flimsy shelters made of bamboo and tarp.

What diseases are made worse during the rainy season in the camps?

Hepatitis, malaria, dengue and chikungunya.

How many Rohingya refugees were impacted by Cyclone Mocha?

Cyclone Mocha impacted 2.3 million people in Bangladesh, including 930,000 Rohingya refugees.

What services does UNHCR provide to the Rohingya?

Registering refugees, providing protection and legal assistance, preventing gender-based violence, ensuring provision of adequate shelter, health care and sanitation, supporting education and skills development, as well as livelihood opportunities and distributing life-saving relief items where needed.

What energy source does UNHCR aim to provide for cooking in the camps?

Liquefied petroleum gas.

Why is the provision of liquefied petroleum gas important?

It protects women and children from long and dangerous daily treks to collect firewood.

What is hindering the successful implementation of climate actions in the camps?

Underfunding directly affects the successful implementation of climate actions.

What kind of dialogue does UNHCR continue to engage in regarding the Rohingya?

UNHCR continues to engage in political dialogue on their voluntary repatriation.

What is the world's largest stateless population?

The Rohingya are the world’s largest stateless population.

What event in 2017 led to a major exodus of Rohingya from Myanmar?

A massive wave of violence broke out in Myanmar’s Rakhine State.

What percentage of Rohingya households in Bangladesh rely on humanitarian aid?

95 percent of Rohingya households in Bangladesh are dependent on humanitarian assistance.

What proportion of the Rohingya refugee population are women and children?

More than 75 percent of the refugee population are women and children.

Which refugee camps are most Rohingya settled in within Bangladesh?

Most are settled in and around Kutupalong and Nayapara refugee camps in Bangladesh’s Cox’s Bazar region.

What is one of the main dangers Rohingya face when fleeing by sea?

Rohingya refugees are risking their lives on dangerous sea routes to Indonesia and Malaysia.

How deadly are the sea journeys for Rohingya refugees in 2023?

In 2023, one Rohingya died or went missing for every eight who attempted the journey.

What are some of the protection services UNHCR focuses on?

Preventing gender-based violence and ensuring provision of adequate shelter, health care and sanitation.

Why do refugees collect firewood despite the danger?

They need it for cooking fuel in the camps.

What hampers efforts to provide services and climate action in the camps?

Chronic underfunding.

What health risks worsen during monsoon season in refugee camps?

Hepatitis, malaria, dengue and chikungunya.

What fraction of people impacted by Cyclone Mocha were Rohingya refugees?

930,000 Rohingya refugees.

What type of violence are Rohingya women especially vulnerable to?

Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV).

What basic protections are denied to stateless Rohingya families?

Basic rights and protection.

How many Uyghurs live in the Xinjiang region of China?

About eleven million Uyghurs—a mostly Muslim, Turkic-speaking ethnic group—live in the northwestern region of Xinjiang.

What has the Chinese government done to more than one million Uyghurs since 2017?

The Chinese government has imprisoned more than one million people since 2017.

What has the United States determined about China’s actions toward Uyghurs?

The United States determined that China’s actions constitute genocide.

What did a UN report conclude about the treatment of Uyghurs in Xinjiang?

A UN report said they could amount to crimes against humanity.

What are some strategies China has used in its campaign against Uyghurs?

Identity-based persecution, mass detention, surveillance, enforced sterilizations, forced labor, and forced assimilation.

What does the Chinese government claim about its actions in Xinjiang?

The Chinese government claims its actions are necessary to combat extremism and terrorism.

What type of surveillance has been implemented in Xinjiang?

Authorities have collected biometric data, such as DNA samples and iris scans, and tracked people’s movements through facial recognition and phone scanning technologies.

What kind of restrictions have been placed on religion in Xinjiang?

Authorities have destroyed mosques and shrines and banned religious clothing, beards, and fasting during Ramadan.

What happens to Uyghur children when their parents are detained?

Children whose parents have been detained are often placed in state-run orphanages or boarding schools.

What are the conditions like in the detention centers according to former detainees?

Former detainees say they were subjected to political indoctrination, forced confessions, beatings, and sexual abuse.

What has been reported about female detainees in Xinjiang camps?

Female detainees have reported sexual abuse, including rape, by camp guards.

What did the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights say about China's actions?

Serious human rights violations have been committed in Xinjiang in the context of the government’s application of counter-terrorism and counter-'extremism' strategies.

What industries have allegedly used forced labor from Uyghurs?

Electronics, textiles, and solar energy industries.

What is the estimate of Uyghurs subjected to forced labor in Xinjiang?

The U.S. government estimates that as many as 100,000 Uyghurs may be working in conditions of forced labor.

What law did the United States enact in response to forced labor in Xinjiang?

Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act.

What does the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act ban?

Bans imports from Xinjiang unless companies can prove the goods were not made with forced labor.

How have Chinese authorities restricted Islamic practices in Xinjiang?

By banning beards, veils, and fasting during Ramadan.

What happens to detainees in reeducation camps, according to reports?

Detainees undergo political indoctrination and are forced to renounce Islam and praise the Chinese Communist Party.

How are Uyghur detainees reportedly punished if they resist in the camps?

They are subjected to beatings and solitary confinement.

What has the Chinese government said about allegations of genocide?

Beijing has denied all allegations of abuse, saying its policies are necessary for national security.

What did the United States declare in 2021 about China's actions in Xinjiang?

In 2021, the U.S. State Department declared that China’s actions in Xinjiang constituted genocide and crimes against humanity.

What has the United Kingdom said about China's treatment of Uyghurs?

The United Kingdom said it was 'highly likely' that China was committing international crimes in Xinjiang.

What did an independent tribunal in the UK conclude in 2021 about China's actions?

An independent tribunal in the United Kingdom concluded in 2021 that China committed genocide against the Uyghurs.

What kinds of evidence were presented to the UK tribunal on China's treatment of Uyghurs?

Witness testimony, documents, and expert analysis.

What are Uyghurs reportedly forced to do in detention centers?

Forced to renounce Islam, pledge loyalty to the CCP, and sing patriotic songs.

What does China claim its policies in Xinjiang have achieved?

Reduced poverty, provided education, and countered extremism.

What has China done to mosques in the Xinjiang region?

Authorities have destroyed mosques and shrines.

What has been banned under religious restrictions in Xinjiang?

Religious clothing, beards, and fasting during Ramadan.

What type of indoctrination are Uyghur detainees subjected to?

Political indoctrination.

What biometric data have Chinese authorities collected from Uyghurs?

DNA samples and iris scans.