US History - Industrialization KEY

Key

The Immigration Acts of 1921 and 1924 did all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Skewed immigration towards immigrants who arrived after 1890

B. Skewed immigration towards young men who could work as industrial labor

C. Skewed immigration against immigrants from SW Asia

D. Favored Christians over Muslims, Buddhists and Hindus

A. Skewed immigration towards immigrants who arrived after 1890

The ownership class argues that that deserve more money than the working class because they:

A. Earned what they have – just like the working class could if they worked harder

B. Have a greater personal risk in starting a business

C. Are more “genetically gifted” than the working class which is why they make more money

D. Have made “better choices” and therefore have more money

E. Earned what they have – just like the working class could if they worked harder

B. Have a greater personal risk in starting a business

As part of industrialization, new social and economic classes emerged. The "working class" - those who labored in the factories, manufactured commodities or extracted raw materials are the:

A. Knights of Labor

B. bourgeoisie

C. proletariat

D. social darwinians

E. robber barons

F. Knights of Labor

C. proletariat

"Robber barons" were able to amass so much wealth for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

A. They took risks and saw opportunities that others did not – or did not take advantage of

B. They intentionally sought to limit competition

C. They vertically or horizontally integrated their businesses

D. Darwin was right: some are just more “fit” to compete economically

E. They took risks and saw opportunities that others did not – or did not take advantage of

D. Darwin was right: some are just more “fit” to compete economically

The key features of "scientific management" are:

A. They took risks and saw opportunities that others did not – or did not take advantage of

B. Buy low and sell high

C. Manage employees so they can work independently

D. Mechanize and industrialize in order to maximize profits

E. Remove the “brain work” and make labor disposable

E. Remove the “brain work” and make labor disposable

The "Organic Goodies" role-play illustrated what principle of capitalism:

A. If you want to get rich, start your own business

B. The way to get rich is to out-hustle the competition

C. As new means of production are created, new social classes emerge

D. The bourgeoisie seeks to maximize profits by encouraging labor to compete in a race to the bottom

D. The bourgeoisie seeks to maximize profits by encouraging labor to compete in a race to the bottom

Businesses vertically and horizontally integrate because:

A. It provides an incentive for labor to work harder

B. It is a way of lowering the pay for labor

C. It insulates them from competition and allows them companies to raise prices

D. It helps control the prices of commodities

C. It insulates them from competition and allows them companies to raise prices

When organizing labor (as we experienced in our Homestead Strike role-play), you need to:

A. Investigate, agitate, investigate, organize

B. Agitate, educate, organize

C. Educate, manipulate, agitate

D. Organize, traumatize, simplify

E. Agitate, celebrate, organize

B. Agitate, educate, organize

German (as opposed to Irish) immigrants arriving into the United States in the 1840s and 1850s tended to be:

A. Left alone as they created communities in less populated regions of the country

B. Resented as competition by unskilled labor

C. Lived in squalor in crowded, dirty ethnic enclaves in larger urban areas

D. Were not associated with crime

A. Left alone as they created communities in less populated regions of the country

All of the following are challenges to organizing unskilled labor EXCEPT:

A. There is less competition for work

B. They are transient

C. The unskilled are easily replaceable

D. Unskilled labor, being paid less, are reluctant to pay union dues

E. It is easy for management to intimidate unskilled labor

A. There is less competition for work

The image above illustrates:

Vertical Integration

All of the following were effects of industrialization EXCEPT:

A. a wider gulf between the wealthiest Americans and the poorest Americans

B. changes in social class

C. forced removal of Native Americans

D. urbanization

E. mechanization

C. forced removal of Native Americans

The earliest labor unions were organized around:

A. In the shipping or meat-packing industries

B. Unskilled labor

C. With immigrants

D. Skilled labor

E. In the shipping or meat-packing industries

D. Skilled labor

s part of industrialization, new social and economic classes emerged. The "ownership" class - those entrepreneurs, business owners and managers are called:

A. Marxists
B. proletariat
C. social darwinists
D. robber barons
E. bourgeoisie

E. bourgeoisie

The argument that "my family immigrated here legally and therefore illegal immigrants need to be deported" overlooks the historical fact that:

A. This argument is rooted in systemic racism

B. The Statue of Liberty says, “Give me your tired, your poor, your poor huddled masses yearning to breathe free”

C. “legal” and “moral” are two different things

D. “legal immigration” was not a thing before 1924

D. “legal immigration” was not a thing before 1924

All of the following are ways in which management seeks to undermine labor's organizing EXCEPT:

A. Hiring “scabs” – other workers who will cross a picket line to keep up production for the company

B. Horizontally or vertically organizing

C. Hiring a spy within labor

D. Arresting or intimidating labor organizers and leadership

E. Working with the investment class

E. Working with the investment class

The bourgeoisie likes immigrant labor for all the of the following reasons EXCEPT:

A. They can act as “scabs” – in opposition to skilled labor

B. Their lack of language skills make them easy to take advantage of

C. They have initiative

D. Immigrant labor is typically unskilled

E. They can act as “scabs” – in opposition to skilled labor

C. They have initiative

In class it was discussed that labor wants ALL of the following EXCEPT:

A. A safer workplace
B. More pay

C. Guaranteed employment
D. Fewer working hours
E. A say in how the work is done

C. Guaranteed employment

In our reading by Agnes Nestor about working conditions in a glove-making factory, the bourgeoisie was cutting costs by:

A. Encouraging competition between teams of workers

B. Providing production incentives above a base-line expectation of production

C. Piece-work

D. Hiring skilled workers who could work more efficiently

C. Piece-work

American attitudes towards immigrants is complicated. America loves immigrants for all of the reasons below EXCEPT:

A. Immigrants do the work that most native-born Americans are unwilling to do

B. Recognition of America as a nation whose population traces back to immigrant roots

C. Attitudes towards ethnic enclaves

D. Much of America’s innovation was the result of immigrants taking advantage of America’s capitalist economic system

C. Attitudes towards ethnic enclaves

American attitudes towards immigrants is complicated. America resents immigrants for all of the reasons below EXCEPT:

A. Association of immigrants with crime or drug use
B. Fear of economic competition
C. Fear of ethnic holidays/cultural celebrations
D. Racism / religious intolerance
E. Fear of Balkanization

F. Association of immigrants with crime or drug use

C. Fear of ethnic holidays/cultural celebrations

The image above is an example of:

Horizontal Integration

The quotas of the Immigration Acts of 1921 and 1924:

A. Was a “push” and a “pull” factor in the Great Migration
B. Encouraged immigration
C. Undid the Chinese Exclusion Act
D. Were intentionally skewed towards western and northern Europeans

D. Were intentionally skewed towards western and northern Europeans

The argument that "my family immigrated here legally and therefore illegal immigrants need to be deported" overlooks the historical fact that:

A. “legal immigration” was not a thing before 1924

B. The Statue of Liberty says, “Give me your tired, your poor, your poor huddled masses yearning to breathe free”

C. “legal” and “moral” are two different things

D. This argument is rooted in systemic racism

A. “legal immigration” was not a thing before 1924

In our "Tailoring" role-play, all of the following were true about All-American Burger EXCEPT

A. Management was largely irrelevant

B. The business was failing

C. Labor had a say in how All-American Burger was run

D. There was flexibility in the work labor did

B. The business was failing