PRE HISTORIC ARCHITECTURE

The realization that each random passerby is living a life as vivid and complex as your own, populated with their own ambitions, friends, routines, worries, and inherited craziness—with elaborate passageways to thousands of other lives that you’ll never know existed. In which you might appear only once as a blur of traffic passing on the highway, as a lighted window at dusk.

Sonder

Created the Walt Disney Concert Hall

Frank Gehry

Frank Gehry

• "Architecture should speak of its time and place but yearn for timelessness.

Describes whether it is near the sea, on an island, in the mountains, deserts, etc.

Geographical Influence

Refers to the materials found in the locality.

Geological Influence

Prevailing weather in the area/country.
Weather dictates the form, plan, material, and shape of a locality’s architecture.

Climatic Influence

Emotional temperament and spiritual tendencies of a particular location.
Reflects the locality’s beliefs and traditions.

Religious Influence

Governments and ruling classes use architecture to express power, ideology, and cultural identity.

Socio-Political Influence

Architecture reflects the locals’ way of life and monumental structures express ___

authority

New design principles, construction methods, and materials emerged due to these influences.

Historical Influence

Earliest known civilization (Mesopotamia, Early Bronze Age).

Sumerians

Invented and improved various technologies.

Sumerians

Sought to demolish other groups’ creations to replace them with their own, ensuring future generations wouldn’t know of the previous culture.

Sumerians

Why Did Men Seek Shelter in Prehistoric Times?

Survival, Protection, Comfort, Storage, Perpetuation

To protect themselves from the environment.

Survival

From natural elements and wildlife.

Protection

A place to rest and sleep.

Comfort

For food and clothing.

Storage

To ensure the continuation of human life.

Perpetuation

Categories of stone age

Paleolithic Period, Mesolithic Period, Neolithic Period

Paleolithic Period

Old Stone Age

Mesolithic Period

Middle Stone Age

Neolithic Period

New Stone Age

Early humans lived in caves and rock shelters (e.g., Lascaux Cave, France).

Paleolithic Period

Shelters evolved into detached, free-standing structures (e.g., Mesolithic house in Ireland).

Mesolithic Period

Built huts of stones and mud with thatched roofs. Practiced burial rituals (e.g., Stonehenge, Salisbury, England).

Neolithic Period

Covers the Minoan Period of Crete and Greek civilization

Bronze Age

Treasury of Atreus, Mycenae—later discovered to be a

tomb

Discovery of malleable metal.

Iron Age

Four Major Construction Principles

Post and Lintel
Arch and Vault
Truss
Corbel and Cantilever

Classification of Structures

Religious Structures
Dwellings
Burial Grounds

Monoliths and Megaliths are

Religious Structures

A single block of stone of considerable size, often in the form of an obelisk or column.

Monoliths

A victorious stone

Menhir

example of Menhir

Kerloas Menhir

Combination of stones used for spiritual and sacred purposes

Megaliths

Megalith located at Gochang, South Korea

Goindol

Types of Megaliths:

Dolmen, Cromlech, Stone Circle

Two or more upright stones supporting a horizontal slab (e.g., Kilcomey County Donegal, Ireland).

Dolmen

Upright stones in circular arrangement enclosing a dolmen.

Cromlech

4 concentric rings of trilithons and menhirs

Stone Circle

Stone Circle located at England

Avebury Stone Circle

Earthen mounds used for burial

Tumulus

Tumulus located in Japan

Kofun

Rock Caves, Tents, Huts, Trullo, Wigwam, Wetu, Hogan, Longhouse are examples of

Dwellings

Types of caves

Natural caves, artificial caves, caves above ground

The Philippines’ Cradle of civilization located at Palawan

Tabon Cave

Burial found in Tabon Cave, represents the dead’s journey to the afterlife

Manunggul Jar

Native American tent made from animal skins.

Teepee

Mongolian circular tent with a cylindrical wall and conical roof, covered in animal skins or felt.

Yurt

Small, simple dwellings made of natural materials.

Huts

Stone dwelling in Apulia, Italy, used for storage or temporary living during harvest season.

Trullo

American Indian dwelling, oval-shaped, made from poles and covered with bark or animal skin.

Wigwam

Temporary domed hut made of cedar and grass, used by Northeastern American tribes.

Wetu

Navajo dwelling made of earth and logs, covered with mud and sod. Door faces east for good fortune.

Hogan

How many sqm is longhouse

100 ft

How many meters is longhouse

30.5 meters

Communal dwelling of Iroquois and North American Indians, as long as 100 ft (30.5 meters) in length, made of wooden, bark-covered frameworks.

Longhouse