APWH 2

abbasid empire

a powerful Islamic caliphate that replaced the Umayyad Caliphate in 750 CE and ruled for over five centuries

asiento

a contract or agreement, specifically the “asiento de negros”

astrolabe

an ancient astronomical instrument used for determine latitude and the time by the position of celestial bodies like the sun and stars

khmer empire

a powerful SE Asian empire centered on the capital of Angkor (Cambodia today) from ~802-1431 CE

mali

the powerful west African empire founded by Sundiata Keita in the 13th century, renowned for its wealth via gold (Mansa Musa)

mamluk

a slave soldier, often of Turkic or Circassian origin, who was purchased, converted to Islam, and given elite training to serve in Muslim armies

mit’a system

a mandatory public service or labor tax system initially used by the Inca Empire, where males performed periodic work for the state in exchange for benefits

mongol empire

the largest contiguous land empire in history, created by the unification of nomadic tribes under Genghis Khan in 1206, that eventually stretched from China to eastern Europe

quipu

a recording device used by the Inca and other Andan cultures to keep records and communicate information using a system of knotted, colored strings

songhay

a powerful west African state in the 15th and 16th centuries, controlling the crucial trans-saharan trade routes for salt and gold; founded by Sunni Ali

srivijaya empire

swahili coast

tenochititlan

three field system

trans Saharan trade