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Ecosystem
Combination of the community of organisms living in a habitat and their interactions with each other and the physical environment
Abiotic Factors
Not due to living things e.g rainfall and temperature
Biotic Factors
Living things in the habitat, part of the environment due to living things e.g disease.
Community
Interacting populations in the same area at the same time e.g trees and undergrowth plants.
Habitat
Where an organism lives
Competition
Relationships between organisms for resources in the same area at the same time
Environment
Combination of physical, chemical and biological factors that act upon an organism.
population
group of organisms of the same species in a defined area
Density Dependant Factor
Factors that increase as population increases
Density Independent Factor
Factors that decrease the population
Ecological Niche
The role, activities and location of an organism within a habitat. No two organisms occupy the same niche.
Rate of Growth =
Birth Rate - Death Rate +/- Net Migration
Biotic Potential
Organisms feed and breed and produce offspring
Lag Phase
'Population becoming established
Exponential phase
Births>Deaths
Stationary Phase
Population is at carrying capacity
Why does Biomass and energy decrease?
Energy is lost to the environment, not all energy is absorbed, carnivores only eat a portion of their food.
Photosynthetic Efficiency
Measure of how well a plant is able to capture light energy
GPP
Rate of production of chemical energy in organic chemicals by photosynthesis.
GPP=
NPP + Respiration
NPP=
GPP- Respiration
Population Density
Total Number in all quadrats sampled / no of quadrates x area of a quadrat
Lincoln Index
n1 x n2 / Nm
Succession
The change in structure and species composition of a community over time
Primary Succession
No previous vegetation and then development begins as plants move in
Secondary Succession
Colonisation of an area where organisms are already present
Note
Flashcard