DNA AND RNA

Gene

The code for one specific protein that gives you a specific trait

DNA

A nuclear acid made up of nucleotides

RNA

A vital cell molecule that carries out the instructions stored in your DNA to build protein proteins

Each nucleotide is made up of:

1. Deoxyribose sugar

2. Phosphate group

3. Nitrogen base

There are four different kinds of nitrogen base:

1. Adenine

2. Thymine

3. Cytosine

4. Guanine

H bonds

Helps to keep your DNA together

The base

Pairing pattern of DNA allow it to easily replicate itself during S phase of the cell cycle

DNA is

Double helix and double stranded

RNA is

Single stranded

double helix/stranded has

alternating sugars, phosphates, and nitrogen base

When does the replication start

Before a cell divides

Why does a cell need to replicate?

To ensure that the cell’s at the end of cell division have the correct number of DNA chromosomes

How does the replication of the cell work? (1)

When DNA helicase unwinds and breaks hydrogen bonds in the DNA

How does the replication of the cell work? (2)

DNA polyimerase attachs new nucleotides

how does the replication of the cell work? (3)

Ends with 2 identical strands of DNA each with ½ original strand and ½ brand new strand

RNA has

Uracil instead of thymine

DNA can

Not leave out of the nucleus

DNA can

Can leave and moves through cytoplasm

mRNA

Messenger RNA and carries messages to the ribosomes

rRNA

Ribosomal RNA and makes up the ribosomes

tRNA

Transfer RNA and carries Amino acids to ribosomes

Transcription

Re-write DNA into RNA language

Transition

mRNA is read by the rRNA to build proteins with the help of tRNA

What can fit through the nuclear pores and leave the nucleus?

RNA

What contains the nitrogenous base guanine

BOTH

What contains two strands of nuclear tides held together by hydrogen bonds?

DNA

WHAT CONTAINS THE SUGAR (RIBOSE) IN ITS NUCLEAR TIDES?

RNA

WHAT CONTAINS THE NITROGENOUS BASE THYMINE

DNA

WHAT CONTAINS THE NITROGENOUS BASE URACIL

RNA

WHAT REPLICATES SELF CREATING A SEMICONSERVATIVE STRAND

DNA

CONTAINS THE SUGAR (DEOXYRIBOSE) IN ITS NUCLEOTIDES

DNA

WHO IS THE MESSENGER TRANSFER AND THE RIBOSOMAL ARE DIFFERENT FORMS?

RNA

WHICH ONE IS A DOUBLE HELIX AND DOUBLE STRANDED

DNA

WHAT FOUND IN RIBOSOMES CONTAINS THE NITROGENOUS BASE CYTOSINE

BOTH

WHAT CONTAINS ONLY ONE STRAND OF NUCLEOTIDES

RNA