Holt Modern Chemistry Ch. 1 Matter & Change Vocab

Chemical

Any substance that has a definite composition.

Chemistry

The study of the composition, structure and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes.

Atom

The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element.

Change of State

A physical change of a substance from one state to another.

Chemical Property

Relates to a substances ability to undergo changes that transform it into a different substance.

Chemical Reaction

A change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances.

Compound

A substance that is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded.

Element

A pure substance made of only one kind of atoms.

Extensive Property

Depend on the amount of matter that is present.

Gas

State of matter that has neither definite volume nor definite shape.

Heterogeneous

Mixtures that are not uniform throughout.

Homogeneous

Mixtures that are uniform on composition.

Intensive Property

Do not depend on the amount of matter present.

Liquid

State of matter that has definite volume but indefinite shape.

Mass

A measure of the amount of matter in a substance.

Matter

Anything that takes up space and has mass.

Mixture

A blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties.

Physical Change

A change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance.

Physical Property

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance.

Plasma

High temperature physical state of matter in which the atoms lose their electrons.

Product

The substances that are formed by chemical changes.

Pure substance

Has a fixed composition and every sample has exactly the same characteristic properties and the same composition.

Reactant

The substances that react in a chemical change.

Solid

Matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume.

Solution

Another name for homogeneous mixtures.

Family

The vertical columns of the periodic table.

Group

The vertical columns of the periodic table.

Metal

An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Malleable, ductile, and lustrous.

Metalloid

An element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals.

Nonmetal

An element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.Brittle and not lustrous.

Period

The horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table.