Psychoactive drugs
________ affect the CNS in various ways by influencing the release of neurotransmitters or mimicking their actions.
Morphine and codeine
The dried latex of Papaver Somniferum contains
Morphine
Is used for post-op pain and severe pain but is stopped as soon as possible
Beta-endorphins, enkephalins, dynorphins
The endogenous opiates that morphine mimics in structure
morphine, oxycodone (Percocet), Vicodin (hydrocodone)
Legal drugs from the opium poppy
Anandamide
is a endocannabinoid
Cannabinoid Receptors
The specific receptors that THC binds in the the brain
Atropine
________ is used in ophthalmology to dilate pupils.
Hyoscine
________ (scopolamine) is used to reduce motion sickness and post- op nausea.
India
________ produces opium legally to meet world requirements.
Nightshade
________ is a perennial indigenous to Central and Southern Europe and Asia Minor.
Morphine
________ depresses parts of the brain involved in the perception of pain and reduces the anxiety that comes with the pain.
tobacco industry
The ________ lobbied heavily to reduce the impact of the wording and to delay the label in advertising.
Glandular hairs
________ (trichomes) produce resins.
Codeine
________ is known as methyl morphine and is the most commonly used opiate.
female inflorescences
Most resins are produced by the ________.
Cocaine
________ was first isolated in 1860 and its local anesthetic properties were discovered shortly after.
Ergots
________ are fungus-infected cereal grains.
Pure Nicotine
________ is one of the most toxic plant poisons.
Coca tree
The ________ is a part of the family Erythroxylacea.
Stimulants
enhance mental alertness, decrease fatigue, decrease hunger
Hallucinogens
produce changes in mood, perception, and thought
Depressants
dull mental awareness, decrease physical performance, often induce sleep
Narcotics
induces CNS depression and sleep
Poppy straw
the raw material for morphine production by the pharmaceutical industry
Golden Crescent
Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Iran
Golden Triangle
Myanmar, Laos, and Thailand
Morphine Side Effects
nausea, vomiting, and constipation
Heroin
the acetate derivative of morphine
Free-base
purifies the powder by boiling it in an ether solution to produce pure cocaine
Crack
a form of freebase prepared by heating a cocaine hydrochloride solution with baking soda
alkaloid
The Coca leaves contain 0.7- 2.5 % ________ by weight.
Afghanistan
________ is the largest illicit grower of opium, supplying 70 % of the worlds opium.
Marijuana
________ has multiple uses such as paper products, textiles, molded plastics, body care products, construction, livestock feed and bedding, nutritional supplements, essential oils, medicine, and food.
Tetrahydrocannabinol
________ (THC) was identified as the primary psychoactive and medicinal components.
latex
The ________ is dried and then can be eaten, smoked, or drunk.
Peru and Bolivia
________ are the only countries that can grow coca legally for the pharmaceutical market.
heroin, illegally produced fentanyl
Illegal drugs of the Opium Poppy
Nicotine
is the principal alkaloid in tobacco occurring throughout the plant
Atropine
a 1:1 mixture of the hyoscyamine enantiomers