Western U DPT 2025: Med Screen I: CBC and Bleeding Ratio/Viscosity Values and Implications

What are the normal reference values for males and females for hemoglobin in CBC?

Males: 14-18 g/dL

Female: 12-16 g/dL

Pregnant female: > 11 g/dL

Older adult: values are slightly decreased

What happens when hemoglobin and hematocrit are trending downwards?

Anemia (< 5 g/dL)

What happens when hemoglobin and hematocrit are trending upwards?

Polycythemia (> 20 g/dL)

What are the normal reference values for platelets in CBC?

150,000-400,000 mm^3

What are the values for thrombocytosis and are the platelets trending upward or downward?

> 1 million, trending upward

What are the values for thrombocytopenia and are the platelets trending upward or downward?

< 50,000, trending downward

What are the normal reference values for males and females for hematocrit in CBC?

Males: 42-52%

Females: 37-47%

Pregnant female: >33%

Older adult: values may be slightly decreased

What are the normal reference values for WBCs in CBC?

5,000-10,000 mm^3

What are the values for leukocytosis and are the WBCs trending upward or downward?

> 30,000 mm^3, trending upward

What are the values for leukopenia and are the WBCs trending upward or downward?

< 2,500 mm^3, trending downward

What are the values for neutropenia and are the WBCs trending upward or downward?

< 1.5 10^9/L (neutropenia)

0.5-1.0 10^9/L (moderate neutropenia)

< 0.5 10^9/L (severe neutropenia)

Trending downward

What is the normal range for bleeding ratio/viscosity using the INR?

0.8-1.1

What is the therapeutic range for DVT prophylaxis bleeding ratio/viscosity using the INR?

1.5-2.0

What is the therapeutic range (DVT, mitral or aortic valve replacement, atrial fibrillation, or patients with orthopedic surgery) for bleeding ratio/viscosity using the INR?

2.0-3.0^39

What is a possible critical value of INR?

> 5.5

What is the therapeutic range for patients with pulmonary embolism, history of TIA or CVA, and aortic valve replacement bleeding ratio/viscosity using the INR?

2.5-3.5^39

What is the normal range for bleeding ratio/viscosity using the APTT (Heparin)?

30-40s; > 70s signifies increased risk of spontaneous bleeding

What is the normal range for bleeding ratio/viscosity using the PTT (Coumadin)?

11-12.5s, > 20s signifies high risk for bleeding: utilize caution and discuss with interprofessional team

What are the PT implications for anemia?

Risk post major joint surgery

Risk of dizziness during initial 1-2 days OOB post op

Tolerance and exertion issues

Fatigue

What are the PT implications for polycythemia?

Increased BP

Increased risk of sudden stroke or thrombosis

SOB

Fatigue

Abnormal sensations

Gangrene

What happens during stage 1 shock?

Restlessness/anxiety

Listless/lack of interest

Tachycardia

Increased RHR

Shallow breathing

Rapid pulse

Visible neck veins

Warm flushed skin

Thirst, nausea, vomiting

What happens during stage 2 shock?

Confusion

Abrupt behavioral change

Crying or excessive crying

Cold, clammy skin

Sweating and chills

Weak pulse

Hypotension

Collapsed neck veins

What happens during stage 3 shock?

Cyanosis

Dull eyes

Dilated pupils

Loss of bladder/bowel control

Loss of consciousness

What are normal RBC values for men and women?

Men: 4.7 - 6.1

Female: 4.2 - 5.4