Chapter 1: Why Measurement: An Introduction

test

any type of assessment tool, assessing a multitude of behaviors or outcomes (also referred to as a procedure, device, examination, investigation, assessment, or measure)

Francis Galton

the first person to devise a set of tools for assessing individual differences in his anthropometric lab, where on could have all kinds of variables measures

test

any type of assessment tool, assessing a multitude of behaviors or outcomes (also referred to as a procedure, device, examination, investigation, assessment, or measure)

Francis Galton

the first person to devise a set of tools for assessing individual differences in his anthropometric lab, where on could have all kinds of variables measures

James Cattell

the founder of the Psychological Corporation (1920s), the leading publishers of tests globally, and “mental tests”

Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon (1905), and Lewis Terman (1919)

individuals who used tests of intelligence in a variety of setting and for different purposes beyond evaluating students’ abilities, which was then used at Stanford University (Stanford-Binet intelligence tests)

Acievement test

measures level of knowledge in a particular domain

personality test

measures unique adn stable set of characteristics, traits, or attitudes

Aptitude test

measures potential to succeed

Ability of Intelligence test

measures skill or competence

Performance test

measures basic performance of particular tasks

Vocation or career test

measures job-related interests

Nueuropsychological test

measures neuropsycholigical disorders, disbailities, and impairments

the five purposes of tests

selection, placement, diagnosis, hypothesis tests, and classification

classical test theory (CTT) model

used to development of most tests; primarily looks to increase the accuracy of predicting a test taker’s true score or the actual value of a trait, characteristic, level of knowledge, or any other domain

item response theory (IRT)

an alternative to CTT model that places the emphasis on the items and how the item difficulty isn’t a constant and can change