Pesticides

To avoid adverse effects on humans, wildlife and the environment

The goal of IPM isn't to eliminate the entire pest population but....

Economic Threshold

Which of the following words is that number of pests per plant or the amount of damage to a plant at which point control measures should begin?

Noninfectious Disease

The disease that is generally the result of unfavorable growing conditions, such as temperature or moisture extremes, soil compaction, pesticide or fertilizer excess, etc..?

Identify the weed (scouting)

The first step in planning a successful weed control program is

They have netted veins that are usually less elongated than that of grass leaves.

Broadleaf weeds differ from grasses how

Biennial

This weed germinates in the spring, develops a root system and a low-growing cluster of leaves called a rosette?

Active ingredient

The part of the pesticide that kills is the?

agitation

What do Wettable powders require when mixed with water....

Decrease the surface tension of water, allowing the water carrier to spread over the surface.

What do Surfactants do?

Yes, your responsibility to make sure they retain their properties.

Can you mix two pesticides together if the label doesn't specify they can be mixed?

The mixture may curdle, gel or become sludge like.

How can you tell two pesticides are not compatiable

Amount of time that a crop can be harvested after it has been sprayed.

The pre-harvest interval is the?

Contact the bee keepers 48 hrs. in advance so the colonies can be moved.

If you were going to spray an area and there are bee colonies with-in two miles what should you do?

Dawn and dusk

When is the best time to spray if bees are in the area?

Microencapsulated herbicide

Must be used with special caution near bee hives, since bees may carry them back to the hive and poison the entire colony?

Check for vapor pressure information and volatility ratings.

How would you determine if the pesticide you are using is prone to volatilization?

DNR

Who do you have to contact if you have a chemical spill?

Low oxygen and light conditions.

Pesticide breakdown is much slower in groundwater, why?

Soil texture and organic matter

Which of the following influences a pesticides leaching ability?

Poorly adsorbed and more likely to leach.

A highly soluble pesticide is....?

Solid-cone.

What type of nozzle sprays in a cone pattern with droplets throughout?

Reduce or eliminate the overlap and increase drift

What do you do when raising the boom sprayer?

Wind, temperature, droplet size...

What are some factors that you should think about before spraying?

Use low pressure and allow the tree to uptake chemical.

When using a tree injection system you should?

Must use a translocated herbicide to control vegetative reproductive structure

For treatment to be effective against perennial weeds?

Remove clothes, wash area thoroughly with soapy water, etc.

What should you do if you spill chemical on your clothes?

Wash as soon as possible, do not let clothes sit around.

When should The PPE that you wear when applying pesticides should be laundered?

Economic injury level

What is the breakeven point at which the cost of pest control equals the revenue loss caused by a pest?

Noninfectious disease

What are these symptoms: soil com-paction, pesticide or fertilizer excess, temperature and moist extremes?

Chlorosis

What is a yellowish-green coloration in normally green tissues such as leaves?

Seed the second summer and die in the winter

What does a biennial weed do?

Systemic (translocated) herbicides

What type of herbicide is best for perennial weeds

active ingredient

What does A.I. Stand for ?

Fill tank 1/4 to 1/2 full with carrier.

Begin agitation..

Add utility agents if needed (buffers)

Add Dry pesticides: Wettable Powder (WP) Add Wet pesticides: Flowable (F)

Add Solution forming pesticides: Soluble (SP)

Add Spray modifiers

Finish filling tank with carrier

(ie. from hardest to dissolve to easiest)

What order do you put these in a tank to mix them properly Soluble powders

(SP), Wettable powders (WP) and Flowable (F)?

They wear out pumps and nozzle

What happens with Wetable Powders (WP)

Susceptible host, Plant Pathogen, Favorable Environment and Time

What are necessary for the development an infectious plant disease

By vapor drift and particle drift

What are two ways for pesticides to move downwind to non-target areas?

2 years

How many years must records of restricted pesticide applications be maintained?