IR FINAL

An example of this concept is when a state imposes a new tax on imports into its country, it expects that the tax will go into place without interference from other countries’ governments, even if those countries are harmed by the import tax.

Sovereignty

This country and its allies created international institutions at the end of World War II in order to create a stable free-trade economic system.

United States

The United States’ and the Soviet Union’s possession of these weapons effectively prevented each from attacking the other.

Nuclear Weapons

These types of countries sought to separate themselves from the competition between the United States and the Soviet Union

Developing Countries

The Bretton Woods System sought to reduce barriers and taxes on goods exchanged between countries with this general agreement.

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

An example of this is that two states have a disagreement over territory along their shared border, and the larger, more powerful state sends in its military in order to occupy the disputed territory. In part they are able to accomplish this because there is no international organization that can credibly threaten to prevent them from doing so.

Anarchy

This is a type of interaction involving two or more actors working together to achieve some outcome that leaves at least one of them better off.

Cooperation

These two things are usually assumed to be the two primary national interests.

Power and Security

A product that cannot be withheld from anyone and whose use does not prohibit anyone else from enjoying it is referred to as this.

Public good

This entity is the most prominent actor in international relations.

States

An actor acts first and therefore changes what choices are available to the other actors when they use this type of power.

Agenda setting power

This IR concept is difficult to measure because it depends on how much a state is willing to pay and risk in order to achieve a particular goal

Resolve

The United States threatening to attack Iran if it did not cease developing nuclear weapons is an example of this.

Deterrence

A situation that arises when one state’s efforts to defend itself make other states feel less secure is the definition of this IR concept.

Security dilemma

Two states claim to this is the most common reason states have historically gone to war.

Same territory

This IR term refers to the inability to divide a good without destroying its value.

Indivisibility

The difference between these two terms is that one involves changing the status quo and the other involves keeping it.

Compellence and deterrence

This type of war is initiated by a state that anticipates its adversary will become stronger in the future.

Preemptive War

This occurs when members of a group feel greater loyalty when they come into conflict with outsiders

Rally effect

U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower coined this term when he warned about the collusion between military leaders and weapons builders that promoted a more aggressive foreign policy

Military industrial complex

This theory states countries with democratic governments are less likely to go to war with other democracies

Democratic peace theory

This factor is most likely to cause both democracy and peace

Economic development

According to the Balance of Power Theory, these form when it is in the interest of two or more states to combine their capabilities to match the capabilities of another, stronger state.

Alliance

The United States stationing troops in South Korea to signal its commitment to its allies is an example of this.

“Tying its hands”

This collective security organization was created after World War I to prevent future wars.

League of nations

States might oppose humanitarian intervention because it can undermine this.

State’s sovereignty

Gondor invades the neighboring kingdom of Mordor. After many years of war, the two sides call a cease-fire. They ask the United Nations (UN) to send in troops to help maintain the cease-fire. This is an example of

Peacekeeping

Once rebel groups disarm, they have no way to be sure that the government will keep the deal. What type of essential problem is this?

Credible commitment problem

This type of fighter rarely wears distinctive uniforms and attempts to blend in with the population.

Insurgent

Civil wars are rarer in strong democracies because of this

create change through elections rather than violence

Direct confrontation between superpowers may be so costly that superpowers seek other countries to fight on their behalf leading to this type of war.

Proxy War

Encouraging economic development and democratization is one of the most proven ways to reduce the likelihood of this type of war

Civil War

Committing a terrorist attack in an effort to derail a peace negotiation is most strongly an example of this terrorist tactic.

Spoiling

These two general variables are thought to underlie and create the conflicts of interests that cause civil wars

Greed and grievances

The fact that sovereign states are beholden to foreign investors and international organizations is a reason this is so controversial

International finance

The biggest source of investment in developing countries and emerging markets is in the form of this

Foreign Direct Investment

The majority of international investment in the world takes place between these types of countries

Rich countries

The term used when a country fails to make payments on its sovereign debt

Default

Some critics have referred to this international institution as an international loan shark, because it lends to countries in their hour of greatest need but also attaches unpopular conditions as a requirement for receiving a loan

International Monetary Fund

Ford Motor Company builds an automobile factory in Argentina is an example of this.

Foreign Direct Investment

This domestic institution is usually responsible for determining interest rates in developed countries.

Central Banks

The Asian values debate of the 1990s challenge the status quo view of human rights because of this.

The universality of some rights

There is disagreement among states over when and how human rights should be protected because of this.

Human rights violations occur within states, and they rarely affect the material welfare of other countries

International Criminal Court involvement in conflict might prolong violence because of this.

leaders have incentives to fight longer because if they lose, they face the risk of prosecution by the ICC

The reason why some states wish to challenge the postwar order to global prosperity despite their contributions is because of this because they Despite the contribution of,

Claim a share of the benefits that more closely matches their power

This works because it makes the costs of war far larger than the potential benefits.

Deterrence

This BRICS country possessed nuclear weapons but gave them up.

South Africa

Given the pessimistic view of China's rise in power, this would be the best strategy for the United States in dealing with the PRC

reduce China's access to the U.S. market

This policy is an indicator that China intends to revise the international system.

One China policy

The rise of a new major power is potentially dangerous because c. The rising power cannot commit not to do this to current bargains in the future

Revise