chapter 28 face and neck injuries EMT!!!!

The upper jawbones are called the:

maxillae

The lower jawbone is called the:

mandible

The small, rounded, fleshy bulge immediately anterior to the ear canal is called the:

tragus

The superficial temporal artery can be palpated:

just anterior to the tragus.

The mastoid process is located approximately:

1 inch posterior to the external opening of the ear.

The Adam's apple is:

the upper part of the larynx that is formed by the thyroid cartilage.

The cricoid cartilage:

is the only complete circular cartilage of the trachea.

What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Allows movement of the head

The eyeball itself is referred to as the:

globe

Which of the following statements regarding the vitreous humor is correct?

It is a clear, jellylike fluid near the back of the eye that cannot be replaced if it is lost.

The inner surface of the eyelids and the exposed surface of the eye itself are covered by a delicate membrane called the:

conjunctiva

The conjunctiva are kept moist by fluid produced by the:

lacrimal gland

The white portion of the eye is called the:

sclera

The opening in the center of the iris, which allows light to move to the back of the eye, is called the:

pupil

When a light is shone into the pupil:

it should become smaller in size.

Abnormal variations in pupil size and reaction would most likely be observed in a patient with:

a brain injury

The optic nerve endings are located within the:

retina

The most significant complication associated with facial injuries is:

airway compromise

The skin and underlying tissues of the face:

have a rich blood supply and bleed profusely.

When caring for a patient with an open facial injury, the EMT's immediate priority should be to:

wear gloves and facial protection.

Facial injuries should be identified and treated as soon as possible because:

of the risk for airway problems.

Significant trauma to the face should increase the EMT's index of suspicion for a(n):

spinal column injury.

A 30-year-old female was robbed and assaulted as she was leaving a nightclub. She has massive facial trauma and slow, gurgling respirations. As your partner manually stabilizes her head, you should:

suction her oropharynx.

A young female was involved in a motor vehicle crash. She complains of pain to her left eye, which appears to have a piece of glass impaled in it. Further assessment reveals a large laceration to her left forearm with active venous bleeding. As your partner manually stabilizes the patient's head, you should:

apply direct pressure to her arm wound.

You are assessing a 59-year-old male and note that his pupils are unequal. He is conscious and alert. When obtaining his medical history, it is most pertinent to ask him if he:

has a history of eye surgeries.

Frequent reassessments of the patient with face or neck injuries are most important because:

such injuries can affect the respiratory system.

When transporting a patient with a facial injury, it is most important to be as descriptive as possible with the hospital regarding the patient's injuries because:

they might need to call a specialist to see the patient.

You are transporting an immobilized patient with severe facial trauma. As you are preparing to give your radio report to the hospital, the patient begins vomiting large amounts of blood. You should:

turn the backboard onto its side.

Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is most effectively controlled with:

direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings.

A 30-year-old female presents with redness, inflammation, and pain to her left eye. During your assessment, you note that she is having difficulty keeping her eyes open. You should suspect that she is experiencing:

conjunctivitis

A 22-year-old male was walking on the beach and had sand blown into his eyes. He complains of pain and decreased vision to his right eye. Treatment should include:

irrigating his right eye laterally.

A 40-year-old male was in his woodworking shop when he felt a sudden, sharp pain in his left eye. Your assessment reveals a small splinter of wood embedded in his cornea. You should:

cover both of his eyes and transport to the hospital.

A factory worker was splashed in the eyes with a strong acid chemical. He complains of intense pain and blurred vision. Your ambulance does not carry bottles of sterile saline or water. You should:

irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water.

A young female experienced a laceration to her left eyeball from flying glass when her boyfriend broke a soda bottle against a wall. There is moderate bleeding, and the patient states that she cannot see out of the injured eye. You should:

avoid applying pressure to the globe when you are covering the eye.

The term "hyphema" is defined as:

blood in the anterior chamber of the eye

Following blunt trauma to the face, a 21-year-old male complains of a severe headache and decreased ability to move his eyes. This patient's clinical presentation is most consistent with:

a. blow out fracture

A patient who is complaining of seeing flashing lights, specks, or "floaters" in his or her field of vision has most likely experienced:

a detached retina.

Which of the following findings would be least suggestive of a head injury?

Briskly constricting pupils when exposed to light

A 39-year-old female experienced a severe closed head injury. She is unresponsive with her eyes slightly open; her pupils are bilaterally dilated and slow to react. In addition to managing problems with airway, breathing, and circulation, you should:

close her eyes and cover them with a moist dressing.

A 50-year-old male was splashed in the eyes with radiator fluid when he was working on his car. During your assessment, he tells you that he wears soft contact lenses. You should:

carefully remove the contact lenses and then irrigate his eyes with saline.

Which of the following statements regarding anterior nosebleeds is correct?

They usually originate from the septum area and bleed slowly

A 29-year-old male has an anterior nosebleed after he was accidentally elbowed in the nose. He is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. The most appropriate care for this patient includes:

leaning him forward and pinching his nostrils together.

A 44-year-old male sustained a laceration to his left ear during a minor car accident. Your assessment reveals minimal bleeding. Appropriate care for this injury includes:

padding between the ear and the scalp.

A 4-year-old female has a peanut lodged in the external auditory canal of her right ear. You should:

transport her to the emergency department.

A 52-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her face when her truck collided with another vehicle. She has obvious swelling to her face and several dislodged teeth. A visual exam of her mouth reveals minimal bleeding. She is conscious and alert with a blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, a pulse of 110 beats/min, and respirations of 22 breaths/min with adequate tidal volume. You should:

fully immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport.

A 6-year-old female was riding her bicycle and struck a clothesline with her throat. She is breathing but with obvious difficulty. Your assessment reveals a crackling sensation in the soft tissues of her neck and facial cyanosis. In addition to the appropriate airway management, the intervention that will most likely improve her chance of survival is:

rapidly transporting her to the hospital.

Following direct trauma to the upper part of the anterior neck, a young male presents with labored breathing, loss of voice, and subcutaneous emphysema in the soft tissues around his neck. You should suspect a(n):

laryngeal fracture.

You are dispatched to a convenience store, where the clerk sustained a laceration to the side of his neck during a robbery attempt. During your assessment, you note bright red blood spurting from the laceration. You should:

apply direct pressure above and below the wound.