Cities and the Climate Crisis

A collection of flashcards focusing on cities and their role in the climate crisis, covering causes, impacts, and solutions.

Why are cities central to the climate crisis?

Cities are major sources of greenhouse gas emissions due to concentrated energy consumption from transport, industry, housing, and consumption.

What proportion of global greenhouse gas emissions come from urban areas?

Around 60–70%, and this share is likely increasing as urbanisation continues.

Why do cities experience the impacts of climate change more intensely?

High population density, infrastructure concentration, and environmental inequalities amplify risks such as heatwaves, flooding, and pollution.

How does climate change affect cities socially?

It increases health risks, infrastructure failures, conflict, and climate migration, especially affecting vulnerable populations.

How are climate impacts unevenly distributed within cities?

Deprived neighbourhoods are more exposed due to poorer housing quality, lack of green space, and higher pollution levels.

How is the geography of urban emissions changing (e.g., UK)?

Large cities with dense housing and strong public transport often have lower per-capita emissions, while rural and industrial areas can be higher.

How can cities mitigate climate change?

By reducing emissions through cleaner industries, energy-efficient buildings, low-carbon transport, and reduced food waste.

How do cities adapt to climate change impacts?

Through green infrastructure, flood management, urban cooling strategies, and early warning systems.

What is meant by urban climate experimentation?

Cities trial technical and social innovations to develop climate solutions.

What is a ‘just transition’ in urban climate policy?

A transition to net zero that is fair and inclusive, protecting workers, supporting disadvantaged communities, and ensuring equal access to low-carbon alternatives.