Mental Health Quiz 3

Catatonia

rigidity and inflexibility of muscles, resulting in immobility or extreme agitation

Delusions

fixed, false beliefs relating usually to persecution or grandeur

Echolalia

repetition of phrases, words, or part of a word; often part of catatonia

Echopraxia

repeating the movements of others

Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS)

A variety of responses associated with drugs that antagonize the dopamine receptors outside the pyramidal tract, causing a variety of effects including tremors and rigidity

Hallucinations

false sensory perception; can affect any of the five senses

Illusions

misperceptions of a real external stimulus

Psychosis

A mental state in which there is a severe loss of contact with reality

Schizophrenia

serious mental health disorder characterized by impaired communication, alteration of reality, & deterioration of personal & vocational functioning

Schizoaffective Disorder

a disorder manifested by schizophrenic behaviors with a strong element of mood disorders, including depression or mania

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder

the gradient of psychopathology seen in schizophrenia from least to most severe

Agnosia

loss of ability to recognize objects

Agraphia

difficulty writing and drawing

Alzheimer's Disease

a form of progressive dementia

Apraxia

inability to carry out motor activities despite intact motor function

Chemical Restraint

the use of medication as a restriction to manage behavior or restrict patient freedom of movement

Delirium

acute brain syndrome; rapid onset of cognitive impairments such as loss of memory and disorientation

Dementia

gradual progression and deterioration of cognitive functioning that interferes with memory, language, and/or executive functions, such as organizing and abstraction. Also referred to as major neurocognitive disorder

Major Neurocognitive Disorder

an acquired decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with independence and daily life

Mild Neurocognitive Disorder

less severe form of cognitive impairment than dementia

Nocturnal Delirium

increased confusion and agitation at dusk. Also called sundowning

Physical Restraint

any physical method of restricting an individual's freedom of movement, activity, or normal access to his/her body that cannot be easily removed

Pseudodementia

depression in the elderly that mimics dementia

Vascular Dementia

dementia caused by disruption in blood flow to brain, as in strokes

Addiction

a chronic brain disease characterized by compulsive and maladaptive use of a substance or behavior (gambling)

Alcohol Abuse

compulsive use of alcohol usually lasting 1 month or longer

Alcohol Dependence

improper use of alcohol with impairment of social or occupational functioning, which leads to signs of tolerance or withdrawal

Alcohol Use Disorder

term used by DSM-5 to identify alcohol use that is severe enough to meet criteria for this diagnosis including withdrawal symptoms

Alcoholism

a complex, progressive disease characterized by significant physical, social, and/or mental impairment directly related to alcohol dependence and addiction

Binge Drinking

episodic, excessive drinking. Four or more alcoholic drinks (for women) or five or more alcoholic drinks (for men) on the same occasion on at least 1 day

Codependency

maladaptive coping behaviors that reinforce another person's addictive behavior by allowing that person to avoid consequences of his/her actions. Also called enabling

Co-occuring Disorder

existence of both a substance abuse disorder ad a serious mental illness. Also called dual diagnosis

Detoxification

the process of withdrawal of the substance through supervised medical interventions to prevent complications

Dysfunctional

having abnormal or ineffective function in mental health pertaining to coping and relationships

Psychoactive Drugs

psychotropic drugs; any drug that alters mood, perception, mental functioning, and/or behavior

Substance Abuse

the maladaptive and consistent use of a substance accompanied by recurrent and significant negative consequences such as interpersonal, social, occupational, and legal problems

Substance Dependence

a cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms that indicate that the individual continues use of the substance related problems

Substance Use Disorder

DSM-5 diagnostic term for substance abuse and substance dependence

Tolerance

the need for increasingly larger or more frequent doses of a substance to obtain the desired effects

Withdrawal

negative physiological and psychological reactions that occur when a substance is reduced or no longer taken

Anorexia Nervosa

serious aversion to food, which can lead to malnutrition and death. Also called anorexia

Binge Eating Disorder

recurrent episodes of binge eating that leads to feelings of distress. Not associate with purging

Body Image

individual's perception of his or her body

Body Mass Index (BMI)

an approximation of body fat based on a calculation of weight divided by the square of one's height in adults

Bulimia Nervosa

eating disorder in which a person experiences eating binges along with purging

Morbid Obesity

condition of being abnormally overweight; weight that is 100 lbs. or more above established norms

Obesity

a body mass index greater than 30

Purging

the act of attempting to rid the body of calories by self-induced vomiting or the excessive use of laxatives

Ageism

form of discrimination against people based on age

Aphasia

inability to communicate through the speech caused by brain dysfunction

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

the sudden death of some brain cells due to lack of oxygen when the blood flow to the brain is impaired by blockage or rupture of any artery to the brain

Elder Abuse

physical, emotional, or sexual abuse of older adults

Elderly

pertaining to older people, often described as people over 65

Geriatrics

branch of medicine that deals with the illnesses and treatment of elderly people

Gerontology

the study of aging and old age

Insomnia

difficulty sleeping

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

a federal act that provides standards of care for older adults

Palliative Care

specialized care that focuses on patients with advanced illness and their families by providing expert symptom management and the promotion of the best quality of life

Restorative Nursing

pertaining to rehabilitation that focuses on maintaining dignity

Abuser

one who mistreats others

Child Abuse

the physical, emotional, or sexual mistreatment of children

Date Rape

unwanted sexual intercourse between people who are acquainted and in which the party who pays for the date expects sex in return

Domestic Violence

intentionally inflicting or threatening physical injury or cruelty to one's partner

Economic Abuse

using another's resources for one's own personal gain without

Emotional Abuse

willful use of words or actions that undermine another person's self esteem

Incest

sexual activity between people who are so closely related that marriage is illegal

Neglect

deliberate deprivation of necessary and available resources such as medical or dental care

Physical Abuse

any actions by omission or commission that cause physical harm to another

Rape

violent sexual act that is performed against one's will

Respite Care

relief supplied to primary caregivers

Safe House

specified "secret" place for people who are being abused to go for shelter

Sexual Abuse

unwanted sexual contact

Sexual Harassment

unwanted sexual innuendo, often inflicted by a workplace superior on an employee

Survivor

One(s) remaining after the death of another

Shaken Baby Syndrome

a condition that results from an infant's being shaken violently by the extremities or shoulders, usually out of frustration and range over the child's crying. Sometimes referred to as abusive head trauma

Verbal Abuse

method of harming another by using degrading, harsh or foul language