Ch. 48 Cardiovascular System

Function of the Cardiovascular System

1. Transport nutrients, hormones, oxygen, and carbon dioxide 2. removes wastes 3. Immunit

Blood

made up of blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes) and plasma

Heart

four chambered, hollow, muscular organ approximately the size of your fist, located in the superior surface of the diaphragm, left of the midline, anterior to the vertebral column, posterior to the sternum

Functions of the Heart

1. Generates blood pressure 2. Separates pulmonary and systemic circulations 3. ensures one way flow 4. Regulates blood supply

Blood Vessels

closed network of tubes including arteries, capillaries, and veins; tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia

Arteries

distributing channel with thick walled tubes, elastic fibers, and circular smooth muscle; carry blood AWAY from the heart (oxygenated); elastic (aorta), muscular (renal, radial), arterioles (terminal arterioles)

Capillaries

microscopic blood vessels, one cell thick, serves the respiratory system, connect to arteries and veins, continuous and fenestrated

Veins

blood vessels that carry blood BACK to the heart, one-way valves, large irregular lumen

Sinusoids

large, irregular vascular space

Coronary Circulation

circulation of blood within the heart

Pulmonary Circulation

flow of blood between the heart and lungs

Systemic Circulation

flow of blood between the heart and cells of the body

Portal Circulation

flow of blood between two sets of capillaries before draining into systemic veins