Network Technology 2 Prelim Reviewer

Cloud Computing

Is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction

Cloud

Is a metaphor for networks and the internet, and refers to an abstraction of the internet, and the infrastructure that underpins it.

Computing

Refers to computing services provided by a powerful computer with a range of functionalities, resources, and storage

E-Gov Cloud Online Services

Enables access to comprehensive public services through the internet and serves as an extensive service platform with software, application, and information resources provisioned for governmental bodies

Guidance

All policies, bulletins, and processes are released through information guidance, making service handling processes clear for citizens and enterprises. Intelligent Process Automation (IPA) robots are provided to guide users

Handling

Based on big data and AI technologies, fields in documents can be auto-populated

Review

AI technologies pre-review documents, improve review efficiency and quality, and reduce pressure on staff. Real-Time Communication (RTC) audio and video technologies can implement contactless online pre-review

Collaboration

RPA technology handles all work items through the workbench, effectively collaborating with functional agencies. All application and service entries can be managed in a unified manner

Public Cloud

Is the main form of cloud computing, which is developing considerably in China.

Private Cloud

Is a cloud infrastructure operated solely for a single organization. All data of the private cloud is kept within the organization’s data center. Attempts to access such data will be controlled by ingress firewalls deployed for the data center, offering maximum data protection

Public Cloud

Service provider owns and operates the cloud infrastructure and provides cloud services open to the public or enterprise customers.

Hybriid Cloud

Is a combination of a public cloud and a private cloud or on-premises resources, that remain distinct entities but are bound together, offering the benefits of multiple deployment models. Users can migrate workloads accross these cloud environments as needed

Infrastructure as a Service (Iaas)

The cloud platform provides infrastructure and maintains related resources. Users only need to pay attention to the system and application layers

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

The cloud platform provides infrastructure and application deployment and maintains related resources. Users only need to focus on applications and data

Software as a Service (SaaS)

The cloud platform provides all resources, services, and maintenance. Users only need to use applications

Cloud Computing

Integrates hardware resources into one in software, and dynamically allocates the resources to applications in software, which greatly improves resource usage. It also supports scaling, and optimizes work efficiency.

On-demand self-service

Customers can deploy processing services based on actual requirements on the server running time, network, and storage, and do not need to communicate with each service provider

Broad network access

Various capabilities can be obtained over the internet, and the internet can be accessed in standard mode from various clients, such as mobile phones, laptops, and PADs

Resource pooling

Computing resources of the service provider are centralized so that customers can rent services. In addition, different physical and virtual resources can be dynamically allocated and reallocated based on customer requirements. Customers generally cannot control or know the exact location of the resources. The resources include storage devices, processors, memory, network bandwidth, and virtual machines.

Quick deployment and auto scaling

Cloud computing can rapidly and elastically provide computing capabilities. A customer can rent unlimited resources and purchase required resources at any time

Metered services

Cloud services are billed based on the actual resource usage, such as the CPU, memory, storage capacity, and bandwidth consumption of cloud servers. Cloud services provide two billing modes: pay-per-use and yearly/monthly

Massive scale

Cloud computing service is on a large scale as it centralizes IT resource supply. This makes cloud computing different from conventional IT

Homogeneity

Can also be understood as standardization, which is similar to power utilization. The voltage and socket interface should be the same for various electrical appliances and devices

Virtualization

It has two meanings: One is accurate computing units, the other meaning is the separation of software and hardware.

Elastic Computing

Means that IT resources can be elastically provided

Low-cost software

Is provided to meet the market competition and requirements. Cloud computing, with low individual technical skill and financial requirements, makes IT easy to use. Small and micro startups are always willing to enjoy more IT services at the lowest cost. Based on this situation, low-cost software is required to earn money at small profits but quick turnover.

Geographic distribution

It services can be provided anytime, anywhere. From the perspective of users, cloud computing data centers are geographically distributed and the performance of network bandwidth varies bt region. Large public cloud service providers have dozens or even hundreds of data centers or service nodes to provide cloud computing services to global customers

Service orientation

Cloud computing is a service model, and the overall design is service-oriented

Advanced security technology

Public cloud has a large number of users with different requirements. Therefore, advanced security technologies must be adopted to protect cloud computing

Compute Services

Provide the computing power required for running services such as websites, office software, and data analysis.

Network Services

Provide resource connectivity and isolation, such as data center networks and campus networks. On the cloud, VMs use virtual networks that have a logical topology similar to that of traditional networks

Block Storage

Features high performance and low latency, meeting different high I/O service requirements

File storage

Allows file sharing among multiple servers or enterprise departments

Object Storage

Features a flat, easy scale-out architecture, which is suitable for cloud storage. It is mainly used for massive data storage, cold data backup, and software repository

Virtualization

Refers to the process of creating multiple VMs that share the hardware resources of a physical server

Partitioning

Multiple VMs can run on one physical server, which means that the virtualization layer can allocate the resources of a physical server to multiple VMs

Isolation

If one VM on a server is faulty or infected with viruses, the other VMs can still run properly

Encapsulation

VMs exist in the virtualization system as files. You can migrate VMs by cutting/copying and pasting files

Independence

After being migrated to another physical server, a VM can properly run without any modification on the server because VM OSs are decoupled from physical physical hardware

Hypervisor

It is also called virtualization software or VM monitor. It is used to create and run VMs on physical servers.

Central Processing Unit

Is the computing control core of a computer system, whcih processes information and executes programs

Memory

Is an important component of a computer system. It is used to store CPU computing data and exchange data between memory and external storage

Graphics Processing Unit

Is a microprocessor that performs image computation on PCs, workstations, game consoles, and mobile terminal devices such as tablets and smartphones

Elastic Cloud Server

Is a VM on the cloud consisting of vCPUs, memory, OS, and EVS disks. You can use it on the cloud just like you would use your local PC or physical server

Auto Scaling

Automatically scales compute resources based on your demands and the AS policies you have configured, properly adjusting the number of ECSs as the service load changes over time

Image

Is a template used to create servers or disks. Image Management Service (IMS) provides image lifecycle management.

Container

Is a lightweight, portable technology for application packaging. It is a standard unit that packages an application’s code and all its dependencies, enabling the application to run across different computing environments

Container Image

Is dedicated to running a specific service and usually contains only the reources required for running the service

VM Image

Offers the operating environment required by common processes and provides a complete collection of functions