English Unit 5

How should you take notes on a lengthy passage?

A. Summarize the main points of the passage.

B. Copy the entire passage word-for-word.

C. Paraphrase all the ideas in the passage.

D. Skip the passage and locate a shorter one.

A. Summarize the main points of the passage.

If you spend too much time copying quotes from a lengthy passage, you’ll run out of time. Try to summarize longer passages using just a few phrases or sentences.

What is the main benefit of taking notes when doing research?

A. Taking notes helps you obtain all the information you need to locate the sources for your research.

B. Taking notes helps you figure out what point of view to utilize when you write your research paper.

C. Taking notes helps you decide what information to use and what to discard when you write your paper.

D. Taking notes helps you accurately record and cite the information you locate in your research.

D. Taking notes helps you accurately record and cite the information you locate in your research.

No one can remember everything they read or where they read it. Taking notes remedies this situation.

Which facts from this passage should you include in your notes for a research project focused on this research question:

What was George Washington’s life like before he was president?

George Washington served as the first president of the United States, a position he held from 1789 to 1797. Washington gained notoriety by leading the Continental Army in the Revolutionary War and helping draft the Constitution of the United States.

A. first president of the United States, led Continental Army in the Revolutionary War, helped draft the Constitution

B. president from 1789 to 1797, led Continental Army in the Revolutionary War

C. president from 1789 to 1797, led Continental Army in the Revolutionary War, helped draft the Constitution

D. led Continental Army in the Revolutionary War, helped draft the Constitution

D. led Continental Army in the Revolutionary War, helped draft the Constitution

When taking notes, you should write down only facts or information related to your research question or topic.

What is the purpose of annotating your notes as you write down information from sources?

A. to provide additional information about the source author’s credentials

B. to define interesting but unimportant words used in a source

C. to provide accurate citation information for sources used in your project

D. to begin shaping your own ideas about the information you’re finding

D. to begin shaping your own ideas about the information you’re finding

An annotation is a comment attached to a text or an image. If you comment on the sources and their ideas as you study your sources, you’ll be better prepared for the next stage of the process--deciding on an angle for presenting the information.

Part I: Explain the difference among summary, paraphrase, and direct quotations.

Part II: How/when should you use each?

Part III: Should you cite each? Why or why not?

Part 1: A summary compresses main ideas from a long text and makes it short. Paraphrasing is rewriting text in your own words. Direct quotations are exact copies of text written by the author.

Part 2: Summarizing should be used if text is too long. Paraphrasing should be used if text is not too long and you want to express the main idea using your own words. Direct quotations should be used if text written by the author sounds very good or important.

Part 3: All three should be cited because you are getting information and ideas from other sources.

What role does your thesis statement play in helping you select which of your notes to include in the research paper?

A. You should select research that supports your thesis statement.

B. You should select research that presents all sides of an issue.

C. You should select research without regard to your thesis statement.

D. You should select research that elaborates on your thesis statement.

A. You should select research that supports your thesis statement.

A thesis statement should tell the reader what you plan to prove in your research project.

Explain how students utilize research and evidence to support their thesis statement or claim.

Research and evidence should support the thesis statement. It is important to select examples, facts, and details that relate to the thesis statement.

Facts do not relate to the thesis statement should not be included.

It is important to explain how evidence supports the thesis statement.

It is also important to use good sources and cite them in your paper.

What is the most effective way to organize your notes to support your research?

A. Discard the notes that do not support your thesis and then organize the rest in a way that supports your thesis statement with evidence.

B. Keep all of the notes you have and then organize them based on the subtopics you plan to discuss in your paper.

C. Discard the notes that do not support your thesis and then organize the rest based on the subtopics you plan to discuss in your paper.

D. Keep all of the notes you have and then organize them based on the source where you found them.

A. Discard the notes that do not support your thesis and then organize the rest in a way that supports your thesis statement with evidence.

All of the notes you decide to use should lead to and support your thesis statement.

Which approach does NOT help you connect your research to your thesis statement?

A. having each fact in a paragraph connect back to its topic sentence

B. setting up your research paper to show cause-and-effect relationships

C. using words that show relationships such as because, coupled with, and furthermore

D. providing a list of facts that you found interesting about the topic

D. providing a list of facts that you found interesting about the topic

All the research you use in your research paper should support the thesis statement.

How can you most effectively use the research you include in your research paper?

A. List all of the facts you found during your research efforts.

B. Show how each fact relates to the thesis statement for your paper.

C. Sort the facts based on those that do and do not support the thesis.

D. Only include the hard facts and statistics you found while researching.

B. Show how each fact relates to the thesis statement for your paper.

All the research you use in your research paper should support the thesis statement.

In which of these situations should you try to use a colon after an introduction?

A. when the direct quote is an incomplete or very short sentence

B. when the introduction to the direct quote is longer than two lines

C. when the direct quote is long enough to form a block of text

D. when the direct quote is a simple or compound sentence

C. when the direct quote is long enough to form a block of text

When you have a quotation longer than a few sentences, you should set it apart as a block of text. In that case, your introduction must be a complete sentence, followed by a colon, and the quote should be set apart from the rest of the paragraph.

What is the purpose of a Works Cited page?

A. to prove that the report’s author spent many days researching the topic before writing

B. to hide some sources that were used to defend the claim in a research report

C. to help readers find the sources used in a research project, if they want to learn more

D. to suggest that the author of a research report is a well-read and scholarly person

C. to help readers find the sources used in a research project, if they want to learn more

A Works Cited page lists all of the sources used in a research project so that readers can learn more about the topic or verify the information used to support the claim.

How does creating an outline help you write a better research report?

A. It requires you to organize the information for your report.

B. It provides the reader with a summary of what the report will address.

C. It lists all of the sources that will be used to write the report.

D. It lists all of the facts you plan to use when writing the report.

A. It requires you to organize the information for your report.

An outline shows what information you plan to include in each section of your research report. Just by creating an outline, you decide what information to place where in your report.

At what point in the research process should you compose a thesis statement?

A. before doing your research

B. before writing your research plan

C. before writing the report

D. after selecting a topic

C. before writing the report

Your thesis statement should be based on what you found out during your research--and your own thoughts about that information.

How can a colon be used to integrate a direct quote?

A. to show that the quote belongs to an expert

B. when the quote will appear at the end of a paragraph

C. to frame the quote inside your own sentence

D. when the quote is long or written as a complete sentence

D. when the quote is long or written as a complete sentence

A colon is a punctuation mark that shows two dots on top of each other. A colon can be used before an explanation or before a list.

Why do you need to include a thesis statement in a research report?

A. It outlines the sources included in the body of the report.

B. It presents the contrasting viewpoints of experts on the topic.

C. It shares the writer’s background knowledge about the topic.

D. It tells the reader what the report plans to prove.

D. It tells the reader what the report plans to prove.

A thesis statement should be clearly stated near the beginning of a research report.

What part of the draft do most writers focus on first?

A. the conclusion

B. the body

C. the introduction

D. the bibliography

B. the body
It is best to first focus on the key points you plan to make in your report.

When should you use a colon to introduce a quotation?

A. when the quotation forms a complete sentence on its own

B. when the introduction forms a complete sentence on its own

C. when the quotation includes more than one subordinate clause

D. when the quotation needs the introduction to form a complete sentence

B. when the introduction forms a complete sentence on its own

If your introduction to the quote is a complete sentence, a colon is the correct punctuation mark to place before the quote.

When is it best to use a quote instead of paraphrasing or summarizing information?

A. when the author’s exact words make a point in a particularly unique and precise way

B. when you are trying to provide directions for something

C. when a speech or article is too long to be fully included in your own report

D. when you are trying to communicate a conclusion that you don’t fully understand

A. when the author’s exact words make a point in a particularly unique and precise way

To quote means to repeat the exact words someone said or wrote.

What is a benefit of using parenthetical references--rather than footnotes--in a research report?

A. Parenthetical references tend to be less distracting overall to most readers.

B. Parenthetical references provide more reliable information than footnotes.

C. Parenthetical references do not require you to cite a source more than once.

D. Parenthetical references provide more extensive information than footnotes.

A. Parenthetical references tend to be less distracting overall to most readers.

A parenthetical reference includes just the author’s name and the page number where the cited information was found. Because the source information appears within the text, parenthetical references do not require readers to look down at the bottom of the page or the end of the report to see the citation.

How should you use your thesis statement as you are writing a research report?

A. to summarize the researched facts that you will include in your report

B. to provide a list of the sources you plan to use as support in your report

C. to remind you of the claim that your source information and examples must support

D. to help you recall viewpoints on your topic that may differ from your own

C. to remind you of the claim that your source information and examples must support

Your thesis statement will appear at the beginning of your report as a claim that your researched facts or “evidence” will prove.

Which of the following provides the strongest thesis statement?

A. The settlement and reparations from World War I helped cause World War II.

B. Both World War I and World War II were fought on European soil.

C. World War I lasted from 1914 to 1918, while World War II lasted from 1939 to 1945.

D. Many European cities and much of the countryside were destroyed during the wars.

The answer is Statement A.

A thesis statement requires evidence to support it. A good thesis statement is debatable. Answer a needs evidence and research to support it. The other options are facts.

A thesis statement should be a debatable claim that your report must prove using evidence from your sources.

Which of the following must be included when citing a website, but not a print source?

A. the author’s name

B. the publishing company

C. the date you accessed the source

D. the location where it was published

C. the date you accessed the source

Due to the nature of it, a website citation contains different information than a citation for a book or a magazine.

What does it mean to integrate a direct quote into a research report?

A. to include a dictionary or glossary definition in a useful way

B. to repeat the main point of your paper in the same sentence as the quote

C. to include details from a direct quote but written in your own words

D. to introduce the quote in a way that keeps your report flowing smoothly

D. to introduce the quote in a way that keeps your report flowing smoothly

A quotation can be set off separately or it can be blended into a paragraph.

Which source would provide the best support for the following thesis statement?

Carefully adjusting the aerodynamics of a vehicle can substantially improve its gas mileage.

A. an interview with the designer of a classic car

B. an article explaining the factors that affect gas mileage

C. a diagram showing the key systems of a car

D. a book that discusses well-known sports cars

The answer is B.

The claim talks about gas mileage. The answer B is directly related to the thesis statement. This answer is likely to include relevant information that supports the thesis statement.

A research paper should contain information that supports the thesis statement.

What is the best reason to use a complete sentence to introduce a direct quote?

A. to prove to readers that you understand what the direct quote means

B. to indicate that the direct quote is needed as part of your argument

C. to set text apart from other parts of an essay as a block quotation

D. to provide some background information about the quote or speaker

D. to provide some background information about the quote or speaker

If you use a complete sentence as your introduction, it should include some informational material that lets the reader know where the quote is going.

How should note-taking vary, based on the length of a passage?

A. Skip long passages and look for shorter ones you can use.

B. Copy or paraphrase short passages, but summarize longer ones.

C. Note source information for longer passages, but not for short ones.

D. Summarize short passages, and paraphrase longer ones.

B. Copy or paraphrase short passages, but summarize longer ones.

If you spend too much time copying quotes from a lengthy passage, or paraphrasing each sentence or paragraph, you’ll run out of time. Try to summarize longer passages using just a few phrases or sentences.

Which provides the best summary of the following paragraph?

After spending countless hours observing the planets and stars, Copernicus issued a startling new theory about how the solar system works. In opposition to the previous model, which held that the Sun and other planets orbited around the Earth, Copernicus stated that the Earth is just one of many planets that orbit around the Sun.

A. Copernicus posited that the Earth and other planets orbit around the Sun, instead of other solar bodies orbiting around the Earth.

B. Copernicus spent a lot of time studying the planets and stars before announcing his new theory.

C. Copernicus created a new system to explain how objects orbit and move in outer space.

D. Copernicus posited that all solar bodies orbit around the Earth, instead of orbiting around the Sun.

A. Copernicus posited that the Earth and other planets orbit around the Sun, instead of other solar bodies orbiting around the Earth.

To summarize means to use few words to give the most important information about something.

What is the purpose of citations in a research paper?

A. to convince readers that the topic has been well-covered by the media and is therefore important

B. to define difficult or technical vocabulary words that some readers will not have seen before

C. to show readers that the writer of the report based his or her claims on reliable sources of information

D. to demonstrate what a correctly formatted report looks like, for readers who plan to write a report

C. to show readers that the writer of the report based his or her claims on reliable sources of information

When you cite reliable external sources for the information in your research report, you make your claims and reasons more believable. Readers can see that your ideas are based on expert knowledge and can easily verify your facts.

Which statement describes the best way to integrate source information into your report?

A. Include details, quotes, and examples to support your own main ideas.

B. Summarize each source at the start of each section in your outline.

C. Include a glossary with all technical terms or unfamiliar words used in the report.

D. Provide a direct quote from one source in each of your report’s paragraphs.

A. Include details, quotes, and examples to support your own main ideas.

To integrate means to unite or combine, in this case your words with those of others.