Judaics flash cards

Torah She Bich tav

Written Torah

Torah she be al peh

Oral Torah

Zekanim

Elders of Israel. Leaders before kings

N've'im

Prophets. Moral compasses for king

Beit HaMikdash

Holy temple. House of G-d

Anshe Keneset hag'dolah

Men of the Great Assembly group of 120 rabbis

Sanhedrin

Torah sages. A group of scholars who studied/interpreted the Torah

Zuggot

pairs. 5 of those pairs led the jews

Nasi

President of the sanhedrin

Av beit din

head of the court of law

Hillel and Shammai

2 most famous zuggot even though they were in the tanamim generation

Vernacular

a language spoken by a people at a given time or place

Aramaic

Language spoken by the Jews of Babylon

Beraita/Beraitot

Outside the Mishna

Judah the Prince

Rabbi Judah ha-Nasi, who wrote the Mishnah in 200 CE. Wrote it down because of the diaspora, and it was getting more complex.

Mishna

An explanation of how to follow the Torah's laws in a more modern way

Taanah/Tannaim

Repeaters of the Sanhedrin and great rabbis

Amorah/Amoraiyim

Amoraim analyzed, clarified, and debated the Mishna's meaning.

Gemara

Discussions of the Amoraiyim

Talmud

Combination of the Mishna and the Gemara

Bavli

Babylonian talmud

Yerushalami

Jerusalem talmud

Shas

Six orders/mishnayot

Diaspora

Jews living outside Israel

586 BCE

Babylon destroyed Beit haMikdash, which marked the beginning of the diaspora. Jews didn't have a place to pray, so instead they committed acts of kindness and studied and prayed.

536 BCE

Persia conquered Babylon, and then the 2nd temple was built. Not all Jews chose to return to Israel, even though they could.

70 CE

Destruction of the Second Temple: It was destroyed by Rome, which took some of the Jews back to Rome as slaves. But let some Amoraim stay.

200 CE

Rabbi Judah the Prince wrote down the Mishnah. Now Jews could practice Judaism everywhere.

500 CE

Mishna and the Gemara put together to make the talmud

6 Orders

Sedarim

Tractate

Massechet

Chapters

Perek

verses

mishna (lowercase m)

Zeraim

Seeds, Agricultural laws

Moed

Festivals/Celebrations

Nashim

Deals with women, marriage laws, and divorce, etc.

Nezekim

Damages

Kodashim

Holy things EX: Sacrifices etc.

Tohorot

Rules on how to be pure and impure.