ap language vocab p4-109

Rhetoric

The faulty of observing in any given case the available means of persuaion

Diction, syntax

Choice of words and arrangement of words the author uses

Closed thesis

A statement of the main idea of the agrument that also previews tbe major points the writer intends to make

Tone

The speakers attitude

Mood

The feeling created by the work

Rhetorical appeals

Ethos, logos, pathos

Connotations

An idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its meaning

Tension

Causing unease by usuing uncertainty

Propagandistic

A person who promotes or pubicizies a particular organization or cause

Audience

Assembled spectators or listeners at a public event

Warrent

The undelying assumption, principle, or logic that connects a claim to its supporting evidence

Texts

Cultural produts that can be read

Context

The circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, idea in terms if which ut can fully be understood

Occusian

The spefific circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding the creations of the text

Purpose

The goal the speaker wants to achieve

Rhetorical triangle

Triangle to illustrate how three elements are interrelated

Speaker

The person or group who create a text

Persona

The role the speaker plays

subject

The topic

Open thesis

That does not list all the points the writer intends to cover in the essay

Counterargument thesis

A variant of the open and closed thesis

Logical fallacies

Potiental vulnerabilities or weaknesses in an agrument.

Red herring

When a speaker skips to a new and irrelevant topic in order to avoid the topic of discussion

Ad hominem

The diversionary tactic of switching the argument from the issue at hand to the character of the other speaker also

Faulty analogy

Two things that are not comparable

Straw man

Speaker chooses a poor or oversimplified example in order to ridcuke and refute an opponets viewpoint

False dilemma

The speaker presents two extreme options as the only two choices

Equivocation

A writer or speaker intentionally misleads the audience by using a word with double meaninf

Hasty generalization

There is not enough evidence to support a conclusion

Circular reasoning

Repeating the claim as a way to provide eveidence

ethos

Expertise, knowledge, experience in the topic of discussion

Logos

Reason, rational ideas

Counterargument

To anticipate objections or opposing views

Concede

Agree that an opposing agrument may be true

Refute

Deny the validity of all or part if the agrument

Pathos

Appeal to emotions

Claims of facr

Assert Something is true or not true

Claim of value

Agrues that something is good or bad, right or wrong, desiarble or undesirable

Claim of policy

Proposing a change

Claims

Assertions or propositions