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Constitution
Presents the mission of the government that is described in the document, the fundamental principles that will guide the government’s operations, and the foundational structures and procedures by which the government operates to fulfill its mission.
Federalists
Individuals who supported the new Constitution as presented by the Constitutional Convention in 1787.
Anti-Federalists
Individuals who opposed ratification of the Constitution because they were deeply suspicious of the powers it gave to the national government and of the impact those powers would have on states’ authority and individual freedoms.
The compromise between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan that created a bicameral legislature with one chamber’s representation based on population and the other chamber having two members for each state (also known as the Great Compromise).
Three-Fifths Compromise
The negotiated agreement by the delegates to the Constitutional Convention to count each slave as three-fifths of a free man for the purpose of representation and taxes.
Electoral College
The name given to the body of representatives elected by voters in each state to elect the president and the vice president.
Bill of Rights
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution, which were ratified in 1791, constituting an enumeration of the individual liberties with which the government is forbidden to interfere.
Separation of Powers
The Constitution’s delegation of authority for the primary governing functions among three branches of government so that no one group of government officials controls all the governing functions
Checks and Balances
A system in which each branch of government can monitor and limit the functions of the other branches.
