Anatomy UE Part 2 Elbow, Forearm, Wrist and Hand

Medial Epicondyle (Coronoid Process)

Common Flexor Tendon Origin

Lateral Epicondyle

Common Extensor Tendon Origin

Pronator Teres

Origin: Common flexor tendon (medial Epicondyle) and medial supracondylar ridge

Insertion: Lateral surface of the radius

Action: Wrist pronation and elbow flexion

Innervation: Median Nerve

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Origin: Common Flexor Tendon (Medial Epicondyle)

Insertion: Base of the 2nd Metacarpal

Action: Wrist Flexion and Radial Deviation

Innervation: Median Nerve

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin: Common Flexor Tendon (medial Epicondyle)

Insertion: Pisiform, Hook of Hamate, Base of 5th metacarpal

Action: Wrist Flexion and Ulnar Deviation

Innervation: Ulnar Nerve

Palmaris Longus

Origin: Common Flexor Tendon

Insertion: Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis

Action: Wrist flexion and opposition

Innervation: Median Nerve

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Origin: Medial Epicondyle

Insertion: Middle phalanges of digits 2-5

Action: Flexion of middle phalanges at PIP joints

Innervation: Median Nerve

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Origin: Ulna and interosseous membrane

Insertion: Base of distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Action: Flexion at DIP Joints

Innervation: Ulnar Nerve at Medial part (digits 4-5) Anterior Interosseous Nerve at Lateral part (digits 2-3)

Flexor Pollicus Longus

Origin: Anterior Interosseous Membrane

Insertion: Distal Phalanx of Digit 1

Action: Flexion of Thumb

Innervation: Anterior Interosseous Nerve

Pronator Quadratus

Origin: Anterior Ulna

Insertion: Distal Radius

Action: Wrist pronation

Innervation: Anterior Interosseous Nerve

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Origin: Common extensor tendon (lateral Epicondyle) lateral supracondylar ridge

Insertion: Base of 2nd Metacarpal

Action: Extension and Radial Deviation

Innervation: Radial Nerve

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Origin: Common extensor tendon (lateral Epicondyle)

Insertion: Base of 3rd Metacarpal

Action: Extension and radial deviation

Innervation: Radial Nerve

Extensor Digitorum

Origin: Common extensor tendon (lateral Epicondyle)

Insertion: extensor expansions (Digits 2-5)

Action: Extension at MCP joint and IP joint

Innervation: Radial Nerve (Deep Branch)

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Origin: Common extensor tendon (lateral Epicondyle)

Insertion: Base of the 5th metacarpal

Action: Extension of 5th metacarpal

Innervation: Radial Nerve (Deep Branch)

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin: Common extensor tendon (lateral Epicondyle)

Insertion: Base of 5th Metacarpal

Action: Wrist extension and ulnar deviation

Innervation: Radial Nerve (Deep Branch)

Supinator

Origin: lateral Epicondyle, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament and supinator crest of ulna

Insertion: Proximal radius

Action: wrist supination

Innervation: Radial Nerve (Deep Branch)

Abductor Pollicus Longus

Origin: Posterior Radius and Ulna

Insertion: Base of 1st Metacarpal

Action: Extension and Abduction of Thumb

Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve

Extensor Pollicus Brevis

Origin: Posterior Radius

Insertion: Base of Proximal Phalanx of Thumb

Action: Extension of Thumb

Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve

Extensor Pollicus Longus

Origin: Posterior Ulna

Insertion: Base of Distal phalanx of Thumb

Action: Abduction and Extension of Thumb

Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve

Extensor Indicis

Origin: Posterior Ulna

Insertion: Extensor Expansion of Digit 2

Action: Extension of Digit 2

Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve

Anatomical Snuffbox

Abductor Pollicus Longus and Extensor Pollicus Brevis (lateral boundary)

Extensor Pollicus Longus (medial boundary)

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Origin: Flexor Retinaculum, Scaphoid, Trapezium

Insertion: Lateral side of proximal phalanx of thumb

Action: Abduction of Thumb

Innervation: Median Nerve (Recurrent Branch)

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Origin: Flexor Retinaculum, Scaphoid and Trapezium

Insertion: Proximal phalanx of thumb

Action: Flexion of the thumb

Innervation: Median Nerve (Recurrent Branch)

Opponens Pollicis

Origin: Flexor Retinaculum, Scaphoid and Trapezium

Insertion: Lateral side of 1st metacarpal

Action: Opposition

Innervation: Median Nerve (Recurrent Branch)

Adductor Pollicis

Origin: Capitate and Base of 2nd and 3rd Metacarpal (Oblique Head) and Base of 3rd metacarpal (Transverse Head)

Insertion: Proximal Phalanx of thumb

Action: Adduction of thumb

Innervation: Ulnar Nerve (Deep Branch)

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Origin: Pisiform

Insertion: Base of 5th Proximal Phalanx

Action: Abduction of Pinky

Innervation: Ulnar Nerve (Deep Branch)

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Origin: Hook of Hamate

Insertion: Base of Proximal 5th Phalanx

Action: Flexion of Pinky

Innervation: Ulnar Nerve (Deep Branch)

Opponens Digit Minimi

Origin: Hook of Hamate

Insertion: Medial border of 5th Metacarpal

Action: Opposition

Innervation: Ulnar Nerve (Deep Branch)

Lumbricals

Origin: Flexor Digitorum Profundus Tendons

Insertion: Extensor Expansions (lateral aspect of digits 2-5)

Action: MCP Flexion and IP Extension (Table Top)

Innervation: Lateral digits 2-3 (Median Nerve) and Medial digits 4-5 (Ulnar Nerve)

Interossei

Origin: Spaces between Metacarpals

Insertion: Extensor Expansions

Action: 4 Dorsal Interossei (abducts digits 2-4), 3 Palmar Interossei (adducts digits 2,4 and 5)

Innervation: Ulnar Nerve (Deep Branch)