Chapter 3 pt.2

3 main parts of nucleus

nuclear envelope, nucleolus and chromatin

Interphase –

growth

Synthesis phase –

DNA Replication and histones made

M phase -

division (mitosis and cytokinesis

G1 (1st gap phase)

Enzymes required for DNA synthesis

G2

INCREASED PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

1

Centromere region

2

Sister chromatids

3

Microtubules

4

Kinetochore

whate phase is this?

interphase

what phase is this?

Prophase

what phase is this?

Metaphase

what phase is this?

Anaphase

what phase is this?

Telophase and cytokinesis

Chromosomes have already replicated during

interphase

Prophase

Sister chromatids condense and spindle start to from. Nuclear membrane begins to dissociate into vesicles

Metaphase

Sister chromatids align along the ______ plate

Anaphase

Siter chromatids separate and individual chromosomes move toward poles as kinetochore microtubules shorten. Polar microtubules lengthen and push poles apart

Telophase and cytokinesis

Chromosomes decondense and nuclear membrane reform and the cleavage furrow separates the 2 cells

Mitosis has how many phases

4

Gene:

A specific sequence of DNA, which codes for one specific polypeptide (protein

how many genes in each human cell

• 30,000 genes in each human cell

Transcription – RNA synthesis •

RNA polymerases • Goal: generate an RNA message (mRNA) from one strand of the DNA template