American history

The Flapper

A popular image of a 'new' woman who smoked, drank, and wore makeup and revealing clothing.

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

New Deal federal agency that paid Americans to do rural environmental work such as planting trees and building parks.

National Labor Relations (Wagner) Act

This law empowered unions by guaranteeing the right to organize unions and collectively bargain.

Court-Packing Plan

President Roosevelt’s controversial plan to replace conservative Supreme Court justices; was negatively seen by many as an attempted abuse of power.

Harlem Renaissance

The surge of black culture centered around literature, music, art, and racial pride that occurred in the 1920s.

18th Amendment

This law started Prohibition, was largely unenforceable, and was repealed by the 21st Amendment.

Rugged Individualism

This idea, promoted by Herbert Hoover, said that Americans could take care of themselves without government help.

Sacco-Vanzetti Trial

Event in which Italian immigrants were convicted and executed for robbery and murder, though many people felt the verdict was a result of nativism.

The Lost Generation

Group of authors who were critical of society, the events of World War I, and materialism in the 1920s.

Scopes Trial

Event in which a teacher was convicted for teaching about evolution; represented the clash of modernist and fundamentalist values.

Hoovervilles

Shantytowns (communities of shacks) that homeless Americans built during the Great Depression.

Dust Bowl

Area of the Great Plains that experienced erosion, drought, and dust storms that ruined agriculture during the Great Depression.

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

The largest New Deal federal agency; it paid millions of Americans for public works projects including public buildings, infrastructure, and controversial art and history projects.

Social Security Act

This law created financial benefits for people who were retired, unemployed, disabled, or widowed.

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

New Deal federal agency that paid Americans to build dams that produced electricity in the Southern Appalachian area.

National Recovery Administration (NRA)

New Deal federal agency that regulated businesses to create jobs and awarded participating businesses with a 'blue eagle' label; later ruled unconstitutional.

Isolationism

Popular post-World War I idea that the United States would be safest and prosperous by staying out of world affairs.

Consumerism

A culture that promotes spending money and buying products; this culture was popular in the 1920s.

Henry Ford

His creation of the moving assembly line made mass production of affordable cars possible.

Bonus Army

Veterans who gathered in Washington, D.C. during the Great Depression; were violently removed.

New Deal

Term for the wide-ranging laws and programs created under President Franklin Roosevelt’s leadership to fight the Great Depression.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

New Deal federal agency that insured Americans’ bank accounts, preventing future bank runs.

Marcus Garvey

He promoted black nationalism, racial separation and independence, and the idea that blacks should go 'back to Africa'.

Fair Labor Standards Act

Law that established a minimum wage, maximum work hours, and abolished child labor.

Eleanor Roosevelt

Famous First Lady who worked actively to report on the New Deal and promoted the rights and equality of underprivileged Americans.