Introduction to Industrial Psychology: Principles, Practices, and Problems

Well-crafted VMGO

3 Guiding Principles to a Successful Organization - Well-defined objective of the organization

Profitable and sustainable business

3 Guiding Principles to a Successful Organization - Every member of the organization has the common direction to hit the target for the organization to succeed

Successful Business and Well-paid employees

3 Guiding Principles to a Successful Organization - Employees’ satisfaction

• Sense of identity and status

• Social rewards

Why do people work? (2)

Psychology

The science of behavior and mental processes

Industrial Psychology

The application of the methods, facts and principles of the science of behavior and mental processes to the people at work; this plays a vital role in continuing growth of the economy

Professor Walter Dill Scott

He spoke out in 1901 about the potential use of advertising and wrote The Theory of Advertising in 1903, considered to be the first dealing with psychology and an aspect of the world of work

Hugo Munsterberg

A German psychologist teaching at Harvard University that wrote The Psychology of Industrial Efficiency

Engineering psychologist

They have also been called to assist in the design of Industrial equipment and consumer items and it made robotics, computers and other means of automating jobs

Industrial and Organizational Psychology

Industrial psychology of the American Psychological Association changed its name in 1970 to this

Promote human welfare

The purpose of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology is to?

Cost

The main focus of Industrial Psychologist

1. Absenteeism

2. Turn over

3. Job satisfaction

4. Personnel selection

Four areas Industrial Psychologists consider to save money

1. Management training

2. Employee motivation

3. Morale and job satisfaction

4. Management selection

5. Employee training

6. Productivity

7. Performance appraisal

8. Employee selection

9. Designing work conditions

10. Designing organizational structure

Industrial Psychologists make important contributions in the following areas (10)

No field of study

________ is free of internal and external difficulties—the demand for Industrial psychology is aggravated by the demand for its service

Quackery

Psychology has been bothered by this, certainly more than any other science—the illicit and invalid practice of psychology by persons with little or no professional training

Communication

This is very important in an organization; it can be “top or bottom” or the other way around

Resistance to change

This is one among the many issues in an organization—employees tend to stick to what have been practiced or to the norms

Research

This can be an effective tool used by the Industrial psychologist; decision making can be fair if it is data based through the conduct of research

Putting the right people to the right job

This is the key to a successful organization

Performance Appraisal

One activity that will continue throughout your working career is the evaluation of the quality of your job performance—as with other areas of industrial psychology, this is important to you and to your employer

Training program

The goal of this, in any organization, is to develop specific skills, attitudes and capacities to maximize the individual’s job performance

Leadership

A key aspect of the worth of any organization is the quality of its ________, from supervisor to the president

• Motivation

• Job Satisfaction

• Job Analysis

Factors that place considerable impact on the efficiency of any organization (3)

Engineering Psychology

The design of equipment, tools and vehicles used in work is directly related to the physical work environment, to motivation and morale, and to accidents

Stress

This can interfere with production, if prolonged it can lead to serious—even fatal illness, in increasing number

Psychologists

They make a unique contribution to the marketing of goods and services by studying the size and nature of the potential market for a product, the effectiveness of various advertising appeals and campaigns, customer reaction to different products, and the motivations and needs of the buying public

Nurturing human capital

This is a big challenge, but with competent industrial psychologists, this situation will become so easy