Lecture 3 Practice Quiz

There are nine                           amino acids that can only be obtained from the foods we eat. 

 

polar

 

basic

 

non-essential

 

acidic

 

essential

essential

                             are formed by glycerol and one fatty acid.

 

Eicosanoid

 

Amino acid

 

Monoglycerides

 

Cholesterol

 

Nucleotide

Monoglycerides

                                   are the structural units of nucleic acids.

 

Amino acids

 

Nucleotides

 

Fatty acids

 

Chromosomes

 

Saccharides

Nucleotides

Which element do all organic molecules contain?

 

Carbon

 

Nitrogen

 

Iron

 

Calcium

 

Phosphorous

Carbon

Which nucleobase pairs with guanine in a molecule of DNA?

 

Adenine

 

Cytosine

 

Thymine

 

Guanine

 

Uracil

Cytosine

Lactose is formed when two sugar units (galactose and glucose) are joined together. This makes lactose a                    .

 

monosaccharide

 

oligosaccharide

 

saccharin

 

disaccharide

 

polysaccharide

disaccharide

                          are formed by four linked carbon rings and serve as cell signaling molecules.

 

Oligosaccharides

 

Steroids

 

Amino acids

 

Ribonucleic acids

 

Triglycerides

Steroids

Which molecule stores the genetic instructions used for growth, metabolism, cell division, and protein synthesis?

 

Glycogen

 

RNA

 

Protein

 

Adenosine triphosphate

 

DNA

DNA

Which of the following statements about RNA are TRUE?

 

RNA uses thymine instead of uracil.

 

RNAs play a central role in converting the information stored in DNA into proteins

 

None of these statements are true.

 

RNA uses deoxyribose as its sugar.

 

RNA usually forms a double helix structure.

RNAs play a central role in converting the information stored in DNA into proteins

A(n)                                  is a lipid molecule that consists of glycerol and three fatty acids.

 

steroid

 

nucleotide

 

trisaccharide

 

triglyceride

 

phospholipid

triglyceride

Which nucleobase pairs with thymine in a molecule of DNA?

 

Uracil

 

Guanine

 

Cytosine

 

Adenine

 

Thymine

Adenine

Nucleotides consist of                                               .

 

four fused rings of carbon

 

a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base

 

a molecule of glycerol and three fatty acids

 

multiple branches of glucose monomers

 

an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a unique side chain

a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base

                     are formed by a carbon ring and two carbon chain “tails”. These molecules serve as cell signaling molecules.

 

Polysaccharides

 

Nucleotides

 

Eicosanoids

 

Proteins

 

Triglycerides

Eicosanoids

                              is a 3-carbon molecule that forms the backbone of most lipids.

 

Amino acid

 

Cholesterol

 

Nucleotide

 

Glycerol

 

Fatty acid

Glycerol

Which nucleobase pairs with adenine in a molecule of DNA?

 

Adenine

 

Thymine

 

Guanine

 

Cytosine

 

Uracil

Thymine

How many different amino acids are required for protein synthesis in the human body?

 

9

 

20

 

46

 

64

 

11

20

A(n)                              is a molecule that is composed of repeating units called monomers.

 

isotope

 

isomer

 

cation

 

alloy

 

polymer

polymer

A protein is said to have                       structure when two or more polypeptide chains combine to form different subunits.

 

tertiary

 

quinary

 

primary

 

secondary

 

quaternary

quaternary

Amino acids consist of                                           .

 

a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base

 

a molecule of glycerol and three fatty acids

 

multiple branches of glucose monomers

 

an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a unique side chain

 

four fused rings of carbon

an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a unique side chain

Which type of bond is used to join the amino group of one amino acid to the carboxyl group of another amino acid?

 

Phosphodiester bond

 

Disulfide bond

 

Glycosidic bond

 

Peptide bond

 

Hydrogen bond

Peptide bond

A                           fat is formed by fatty acid chains which contain only single bonds between the carbon atoms.

 

waxy

 

trans

 

monounsaturated

 

saturated

 

polyunsaturated

saturated

Which nucleobase is found in RNA but not in DNA?

 

Cytosine

 

Uracil

 

Thymine

 

Guanine

 

Adenine

Uracil

Which nucleobase pairs with cytosine in a molecule of DNA?

 

Uracil

 

Guanine

 

Cytosine

 

Thymine

 

Adenine

Guanine

The overall three-dimensional shape of a peptide or protein is known as its                          .

 

quinary

 

tertiary

 

secondary

 

quaternary

 

primary

tertiary

The most common types of secondary structures found in peptides and proteins are                    .

 

alpha globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins

 

nucleotides

 

α-helixes and the β-sheets

 

template strand and coding strand

 

intron and exon

 

α-helixes and the β-sheets

The                               structure of a peptide or protein forms α-helices or β-sheets.

 

quaternary

 

primary

 

secondary

 

tertiary

 

quinary

secondary

A hemoglobin molecule is made up of four subunits, two alpha chains of 141 amino acid residues each and two beta chains of 146 amino acid residues each. Hemoglobin is an example of a(n)                                                .

 

protein

 

polypeptide

 

oligopeptide

 

polysaccharide

 

nucleotide

protein

There are nine                           amino acids that can only be obtained from the foods we eat. 

 

polar

 

acidic

 

basic

 

non-essential

 

essential

essential

A                                   is a sequence of nucleotides that encodes for either a RNA or protein.

 

codon

 

gene

 

chromosome

 

nucleolus

 

anticodon

gene

Which sugar is used in a molecule of RNA?

 

Ribose

 

Maltose

 

Glucose

 

Lactose

 

Deoxyribose

Ribose

Which nitrogenous bases are used to form nucleic acids?

 

Alanine, glutamine, cysteine, tryptophan, and valine

 

Arginine, chromatin, glutamate, threonine, and ubiquitin

 

Adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil

 

Aspartic acid, isoleucine, phenylalanine, methionine, and serine

Adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil

Which of the following statements about lipids is TRUE?

 

None of these statements are true.

 

Lipids are composed of one or more long chains of amino acids

 

Most lipids are nonpolar and do not dissolve in water.

 

Lipids have a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen.

 

Lipids consist of a 5-carbon sugar, a molecule of phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.

Most lipids are nonpolar and do not dissolve in water.

Diglycerides are composed of                                                 .

 

a long chain of amino acids

 

two carbon rings

 

two glucose molecules

 

a 5-carbon sugar, a molecule of phosphate, and a nitrogenous base

 

glycerol and two fatty acids

glycerol and two fatty acids

Glycogen is a very large, multibranched polymer that contains thousands of glucose molecules. Because it contains so many units of glucoses, glycogen is considered to be a                                    .

 

polysaccharide

 

oligosaccharide

 

monosaccharide

 

saccharin

 

disaccharide

polysaccharide

Which of the following is an example of a functional group?

 

Phosphate

 

Amino

 

Carbonyl

 

Hydroxyl

 

All of these are functional groups

All of these are functional groups

Raffinose is a formed when three sugar units (galactose, glucose, and fructose) are joined together. This makes raffinose a                   .

 

saccharin

 

monosaccharide

 

disaccharide

 

oligosaccharide

 

polysaccharide

oligosaccharide

Insulin is composed of 51 amino acids and promotes the absorption of glucose from the blood into liver, fat and skeletal muscle cells. Insulin is an example of a(n)                                        .

 

very long chain fatty acid

 

polypeptide

 

oligosaccharide

 

polysaccharide

 

oligopeptide

polypeptide

Maltose is formed when two units of glucose are joined together. This is an example of a                               .

 

oligosaccharide

 

monosaccharide

 

saccharin

 

polysaccharide

 

disaccharide

disaccharide

Proteins that assist with the folding or unfolding of other proteins are called                            .

 

RNA polymerases

 

proteases

 

molecular chaperones

 

histones

 

lysosomes

molecular chaperones

                            are long chains of carbon and hydrogen with a carboxyl (–COOH) group at one end.

 

Glycerols

 

Nitrogenous bases

 

Amino acids

 

Nucleotides

 

Fatty acids

Fatty acids

Which of the following are functions of nucleotides?

 

Nucleotides are involved in cell signaling (e.g., cyclic adenosine monophosphate).

 

All of these are functions of nucleotides

 

Nucleotides may serve as cofactors for enzymes (e.g., Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)

 

Nucleotides play a role in energy storage (e.g. adenosine triphosphate).

 

Nucleotides are the structural units of nucleic acids

All of these are functions of nucleotides