Trauma/Peds/Geri/Additional Procedures Exam

A minimum of how many views should be obtained in trauma situations?

2

a common grid ratio for mobile work is …

6 or 8:1

A forced wrenching or twisting of a joint is called?

sprain

There are four regions of the body that are most commonly dislocated during trauma, which is NOT one?

Ankle

This is a fracture where the bone is crushed or splintered at the site of impact

comminuted

fx of 5th metacarpal

Boxer's fx

fx of proximal half of ulna with dislocation of radial head

monteggias

fx at the base of the 1st metacarpal

Bennett's fx

incompete fx with broken cortex on one side of bone only

greenstick

fx of distal radium with anterior displacement

smiths

fx of distal radium with posterior displacement

colles

fx due to severe stress to a tendon

avulsion

fx where the fx line radiates from a central point

stellate

what is the most effective (and practical) measure in limiting exposure (to everyone) with mobile fluoroscopy?

use intermittent or foot tapping fluoroscopy

When discussing fx alignment, what is the type of apposition where the two shafts overlap?

bayonet

When using a mobile C-arm, which position produces the least amount of personnel exposure?

xray tube on bottom/intensifier on top

You are x-raying a pt with a fiberglass cast, how many KVP should you go up for your picture?

4

Who is the surgical person who maintains the sterile fields?

certified surgical tech

When discussing angulation of a fx, what describes a varus deformity?

apex of fx angled away from midline

the absence of infectious organisms

asepsis

At approximately what age does the skeleton reach full ossification

25

what is the greatest risk for premature infants?

hypothermia

A well inspired chest x-ray on a young pediatric pt will show how many ribs?

9-10

what are some examples of an internal fixator?

femoral endoprotheses, compression plate, intramedullary rods

True or false: The entire upper limb is commonly included on infant x-rays rather than individual pictures

true

Secondary centers of ossification of long bones are called?

epiphysis

What is the suggested amt of barium that should be given to a child between the ages of 1-3 years old for an UGI?

4-6 oz

True or false: It is fine to leave clothes, diapers and bandages on an infant when doing x-rays as long as there are no metal fasteners.

false

Although decided by the Radiologist, what is a general guideline to follow when drawing up contrast on a pediatric pt for an IVU exam? How much should you draw if you have a pt that weighs 60 pounds?

1 cc per pound = 60 ccs

May result in repeated, forceful vomiting due to a narrowing or blocking

pyloric stenosis

a mechanical obstruction caused by telescoping of a loop of bowel

intussusception

inherited disease leading to clogging of bronchi

cystic fibrosis

causes inflammation at the tibial tubercle

osgood-schlatter disease

what is the most common injury to older adults?

hip

What is the most common surgical procedure done on the elderly?

total joint replacement

If a pt has osteoporosis, what should you do with your technique?

decrease

What is the leading cause of death for people over the age of 65

cardiovascular disease

True or false: a child should reach the age of understanding no later than age 4

false

Which is not a part from the pigg-O-stat

plexiglass hold down paddle with velcro straps

what are the possible roles the parent can play during pediatric radiography

assist by holding pt, observer/supporter, wait in waiting room

Why should you refrain from hyperflexing joints on a pt with a total joint replacement

you could cause a dislocation

A 30 degree c-arm tilt will increase the personnel exposure to the face and neck by how much?

a factor of 4

what is one of the most common arthrography procedures?

knee

What classifications of joints are studied with arthrography?

synovial

Approximately how much positive contrast would be given during a shoulder arthrogram?

12 ccs

True or false: Arthrography can use positive, negative or both contrasts during the procedure.

true

True or false: You should never have pt move joint space after injection (for arthrogram) as this would cause severe pain

false

The uterus is divided into four segments, which is not one?

endometrium

What is the most common indication for doing a Hysterosalpingogram (HSG)?

infertility

True or false: If the contrast flows out from the distal ends (closest to ovaries) of the fallopian tubes and into the peritoneal cavity, this would indicate there was a problem with the fallopian tubes

false

True or false: Increased cranial pressure is a contraindication for a myelogram

true

what is the most common reason for doing a myelogram

HNP

Where is the needle placed during a myelogram to inject the contrast?

subarachnoid space

In general, a dosage of approximately how much contrast is given during a myelogram?

9-15 ccs

Why is a large pillow placed under the pts abdomen when doing a lumbar myleogram?

to flex the spine

How many degrees should your pts head be elevated after a lumbar myelogram?

30-40

what is a common injection site for myelograms

L3-L4

True or False: Contrast is injected after the CSF is collected?

true

Which salivary gland is the largest?

parotid

what is the name of the 12 small ducts associated with the salivary glands?

ducts of rivinus

what is the purpose of the salivary glands

Dissolves food and facilitates digestion

what is a contraindication of sialography

infection

True or false: Long bone studies are done more commonly for adults

false

True or false: It is necessary to do both limbs when doing a long bone study

true

What is the name of the ruler used during long bone studies?

bell thompson

a surgical procedure done to shorten the limb

epiphysiodesis

What is the main purpose for doing bone densitometry? For diagnosis of .

osteoporosis

what are the 3 commonly used scanners for bone densitometry

QUS, DXA - most common, QCT

What does the Z score do when discussing bone densitometry

compares the pt with a same age same sex person

when the fulcrum moves but the table does not

variable fulcrum

What happens during tomography when the object is further away from the IR?

blurring increases

True or false: As the exposure angle decreases, blurring also decreases

true

When using breathing techniques (autotomography), which one of the exposure times would give a better image?

3 sec