Raymond Cattell and the Study of Personality Traits

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26 Terms

1

Raymond Cattell

A prominent psychologist known for his work in personality and intelligence.

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2

Factor Analysis

A procedure for analyzing a set of correlations among various measures into a simpler underlying pattern, termed a 'factor structure.'

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3

Personality

The combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character.

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4

Traits

The units of personality that have predictive value, allowing for predictions of behavior in given situations.

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5

R-technique

A method of data analysis that involves correlations among different individuals.

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6

Q-data

Data collected from questionnaires, usually involving hundreds of people.

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7

L-data

Life data, typically used in conjunction with Q-data.

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8

dR-technique

A method involving 'life' data through behavioral observation.

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9

T-data

Test data where individuals take the test twice to assess changes.

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10

P-technique

Test data involving lab tests to study states rather than traits.

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11

Source Trait

A primary factor derived from factor analysis.

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12

Surface Trait

Traits that are observable in behavior.

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13

Ability Trait

How a person works towards a desired goal, such as intelligence.

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14

Temperament Trait

The general style with which someone carries out tasks.

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15

Dynamic Trait

Traits that provide energy and direction to action, including motivations and interests.

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16

Fluid Intelligence

The innate ability to learn, expressed in various types of learning depending on opportunities.

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17

Crystallized Intelligence

Intelligence that includes the effects of opportunity or education.

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18

Ergs

Constitutional dynamic source traits, akin to instincts.

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19

Metaergs

Environmentally-molded source traits that are learned motivations.

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20

Sentiments

Enduring motivations formed early in life, such as religion or politics.

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21

Attitudes

More specific innate motivational traits, including emotions like anger and curiosity.

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22

Subsidiation

A type of meta-erg where basic drives are met by multi-step sequences.

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23

Cattell's 16PF

Measures that Cattell identified as the most important source traits, each measured dimensionally from 1 to 100.

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24

The Big Five

A model of personality traits including Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Emotional Stability.

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25

Heritability

The extent to which similar genetic status results in similar personality traits, even in different environments.

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26

The Big-Five Inventory

A scoring system for assessing the Big Five personality traits.

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