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Internal Energy
The energy stored by the particles making up a system. This means the total amount of kinetic energy and chemical energy. it is taken in when chemical bonds break, and given whne chemical bonds are made.
The particles in a system…
move around or vibrate
Particles have what type of energy?
kinetic energy stores and potential energy stores
Where does the energy stored in system come from?
its particles (atoms and molecules)
What impact does heating have on the particles?
it transfer energy to the particles, making the particles gain kinetic energy and move faster. this increases the internal energy.
Heating leads to…?
a change in temperature or change in state.
Iif the temperature changes, how much it changes will depend on the mass if the substance, what it’s made of (Specific heat capacity), and the energy input.
When does a chnage in temperature happen?
when a substance is heated enough - the particles will have enough energy in their kinetic energy stores to break the chemical bonds that holds them together.
What does a change of state preservers?
Mass
What are the examples of a change in state?
boiling, evaporation, melting, freezing, condensating, etc.
the state of a substance can change due to…?
Cooling - the particles lose energy and form bonds.
What type of change is a change of state?
Physical
Different forms of a substance have…?
Diffferent properties
What happens to the particles of a substance when the substance change states?
Their arrengement changes.