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Preexamination Phase
Processes that occur before the examination of specimens, including ordering, patient identification, communication, safety, and preparation.
Waived Testing
Tests considered easy to perform, requiring no special training, such as a urine pregnancy test.
Provider-Performed Microscopy Procedures (PPMP)
Microscopy tests performed by licensed healthcare providers, such as microscopic urinalysis.
Moderate Complexity Tests
Tests requiring training documentation, instrument calibration, and inspections, such as automated complete blood counts (CBC).
High Complexity Tests
Tests requiring advanced instrumentation and interpretation, needing personnel with clinical laboratory science degrees, such as urine cultures.
The Joint Commission (TJC)
An organization that accredits and certifies healthcare organizations, focusing on quality and safety in care.
College of American Pathologists (CAP)
An organization advocating for quality medical care and providing laboratory accreditation and proficiency testing.
Informed Consent
The process in which patients are informed about procedures and must agree to them before they are performed.
Expressed Consent
Consent that must be given in writing or verbally before an invasive procedure, including blood collection.
Implied Consent
Consent inferred by a patient's actions, such as extending their arm for blood collection.
Chain of Custody
The documentation process for handling specimens, essential for legal testing and ensuring sample integrity.
Chain of Infection
A six-step model describing how a disease spreads, including infectious agents, reservoirs, and portals of entry.
Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI)
An infection acquired in a healthcare setting that was not present at the time of admission.
Bloodborne Pathogens
Infectious microorganisms present in blood that can cause disease, such as HIV and Hepatitis B.
Standard Precautions
Infection control guidelines requiring the use of PPE and disinfection to prevent transmission of pathogens.
Laboratory Quality Management
A framework to ensure accurate and reliable test results for quality patient care.
