perineum part two

four parts of the male urethra

* prepostatic- before we hit the prostate
* prostatic
* membranous
* spongy- important in terms of blood flow

female urinary tract is more prone to

infection

female paraurethral glands = ______ in males

prostate glands

male internal genital organs

* testis
* epididymis
* \

testes that are non-descended are more prone to

* cancer

where is sperm stored in the testes

epididymis

where is sperm produced

testicles

what releases sperm

parasympathetic regulation

ductus (vas) deferens

the tube that allows the sperm to leave the epididymis to the urethra

what is taken during vascetomy

vas (ductus) deferens

what produces materials for the semen

* calpres gland,
* seminal vesicles,
* prostates

where is the prostate gland is palpable where (during a prostate exam )

in front of th rectum

BPH- benine prostatic hyperplasia

* enlargment of the prostate


* difficulty in urination
* frequent urination, small amounts bc of the compression of the urethra by the prostate

prostate secretes

* proteases
* citric acid
* spermine and spermidine
* prostaglandis

external anal sphincter

closes the anal canal and supports the perineal body

penis is composed of three parts:

* corpora cavernosa x2
* corpus spongiosum

corpora cavernosa

erectile tissues

corpus spongiosum

* has the blood supply that causes an erection

viagra does what

increases blood supply to the penis

erections are caused by

* relaxtion of the helicine arteries
* due to stimulation of parasympathetic nerve (S2-4)

emission

* sympathetic stimulation of L1-L2 nerves

following ejaculation…

* penis becomes flaccid
* heline arteries contract (sympatheic stimulation)
* muscles of the penis also relax

hypospadias

* congenital anomoly
* external urethral orifice opens on ventral aspect of the glans penis (glandular hypospadias)
* due to failure of fusion of the urogenital folds in embryonic life

phimosis

* when the prepuce of the penis is too tight over the glans and can not be retracted to uncover the glans penis
* causes smegma secretion of the sebaceous glands in the prepuce
* carcinogen to the female cervice

paraphimosis

* when the retraction of the prepuce over the glans constricts the neck of the glans and interferes with the blood supply
* circumcision should be performed